•E.g. He studies •chemistry. I speak • English.
Упражнение 28
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1.... English is... world language. 2. I study... English. I attend... English classes in... evening. On... days when I have no... classes, I stay at... home and do some work about... house. I have... dinner with my... family. After... dinner I talk to... members of my... family, watch... TV and read... books,... newspapers and... magazines. I go to... bed late at... night. 3. I am thirsty. Give me... water, please. 4. There is... book on... table. Give me... book, please. 5. I enjoy listening to... music but I don't really like... music that that man plays on his... guitar. 6. What did you have for... lunch? — I only had... tuna sandwich. 7. He is... wonderful... teacher. He teaches... history.
Упражнение 29
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. When my grandfather was... young man, he studied... physics. 2. Do you speak... Spanish? 3. My uncle is... great specialist in... biology. 4....
1 Если после названия языка не стоит слово "language". В противном случае употребляется определенный артикль. Е. g. S_ Chinese is difficult.
The Chinese language is difficult.
Japanese is more difficult than... French. 5. We listened to... very interesting lecture on... English literature yesterday. 6. Yesterday at... lesson of... geography... teacher told us... very interesting things about... famous travellers. 7. My father speaks... English and... French, but he does not speak... German. 8. We had... lesson of... mathematics yesterday. We wrote... paper in... mathematics.... teacher said, "I shall correct... papers in... evening. Tomorrow you will know... results".
Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания:
to play •£_ chess to play the piano
to play «f football to play the guitar
out of s doors
Упражнение 30
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. My... name is Charlie. I come from... pretty big... family. I have two... brothers and... sister. I am... oldest and my... sister is... youngest; she plays... violin really well and wants to be... professional... musician. She has other... hobbies, too, and she often goes swimming with her... friends if... weather is nice. 2. Do you play... piano? 3. There is... big black piano in our living room. It is at... wall to... left of... door opposite... sideboard. My mother likes to play... piano. She often plays... piano in... evening. 4.... boys like to play... football. 5. What do you do in... evening? — I often play... chess with my grandfather. 6. Where are...
28 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ
Артикль
children? — Oh, they are out of... doors.... weather is fine today. They are playing... badminton in... yard. 7. What... games does your sister like to play? — She likes to play... tennis. 8. Do you like to play... guitar? 9. What... colour is your guitar?
Запомните, что перед обращением артикль опускается:
• E.g. What are you doing, s children?
Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания:
in a loud voice in a thin voice
in a low voice in a tiny voice
in an angry voice in a trembling voice
in a high voice in a weak voice
in a kind voice in a... voice
Упражнение 31
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
It was... hot day.... sun was shining brightly in... blue sky.... wolf and... lamb met at... stream.... water in... stream was cool and clear.... wolf saw that... lamb was fat and wanted to eat it. He began to shout, "You,... fool, you are making... water dirty!"... lamb was afraid. It looked at... wolf and said in... thin voice, "But,... Mr. Wolf, I cannot make... water dirty for you from... place where I am standing, because... stream runs from you to me." "Stop talking!" shouted... wolf in... angry
voice. "I know you! I met you six months ago, and you were very rude to me." "You are wrong,... Mr. Wolf," cried... lamb, "you could not have met me six months ago: I am only four... months old." "Never mind," said... wolf, "if it wasn't you, it was your brother." And with these... words he seized... poor lamb and carried it into... wood.
Запомните, что перед превосходной степенью прилагательных употребляется определенный артикль:
• E.g. Asia is the largest continent.
My brother is the best pupil in his class.
Упражнение 32
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. Bill Robins was... very rich man. He was... richest man in... village. 2. Pete is... tallest boy in our class. Nick is... shortest boy, but he is very... strong. He is... stronger than many boys who are... taller than he. I think Nick is... strongest boy in... class. 3. Granny often tells us... long stories. Today her story was still... longer. It was... longest story. She began telling it after... dinner and finished only before... supper. But... story was very interesting. I think it was... most interesting of Granny's stories. 4. Which was... most difficult exercise in... paper? 5. Which is... best season of the year? 6. February is... shortest month of the year. 7. Do you know... longest river in our country? 8. In... May... days are... longer than in... April.
30 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ
Артикль
Запомните правила употребления артикля с географическими названиями:
Определенный артикль употребляется перед названиями рек, каналов, морей, заливов, проливов, океанов, архипелагов, горных цепей.
Артикль не употребляется перед названиями озер, отдельных горных вершин, отдельных островов, городов, стран, континентов.
Исключения:
the United States of America
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Northern Ireland the Netherlands the Ukraine the Crimea the Congo
Упражнение 33
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1.... Moscow is situated on... Moscow River.... Moscow is a river that moves very slowly. There is... canal called... Moscow-Volga Canal which joins... Moscow to... Volga.... Volga runs into... Caspian Sea. 2. Several rivers run into... sea at... New York.... most important is... Hudson River which empties into... Atlantic Ocean. Besides... Hudson there are... two other rivers:... East River and... Harlem River. 3. In... Siberia there are many long rivers:... Ob,... Irtysh,... Yenissei,... Lena and... Amur. 4.... Altai Mountains are... higher than... Urals. 5. There is... splendid... view of... Lake Geneva from this hotel. 6. My... friends have travelled a lot. This... year they are going to fly to... Canary Islands. 7. Which river flows through... London? —
... Thames. 8. Of which country is... Washington... capital? —... United States. 9.... United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 10. Chicago is on... Lake Michigan.
Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания:
in the north to the north
in toe south to toe south
in toe east to toe east
in toe west to toe west
Упражнение 34
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1.... Russia occupies... eastern half of... Europe and... northern third of... Asia. 2.... climate of... northern part of... Russia is severe. 3. This winter is... true Russian winter with... hard frosts. 4. It is warm in... Crimea and... Caucasus. 5.... Washington is... capital of... United States of America. 6. I want to go to... New York some day. 7.... best way to know and understand... people of... other countries is to meet them in their own homes. 8. Is... Australia... island or... continent?
9.... Red Sea is between... Africa and... Asia.
10. There are seven continents on... Earth. 11....
France is to... north of... Italy.
Упражнение 35
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1.... Neva flows into... Gulf of... Finland. 2.... Pacific Ocean is very deep. 3.... Urals are not very
ГРАММА ТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ
high. 4.... Kazbek is... highest peak of... Caucasus. 5.... Alps are covered with... snow. 6.... Shetland Islands are situated to... north of... Great Britain. 7.... USA is... largest country in... America. 8.... Crimea is washed by... Black Sea.
9.... Lake Baikal is... deepest lake in... world.
10.... Paris is... capital of... France.
11. Lomonosov was born in... small village on...
shore of... White Sea. 12. Gogol was born in...
Ukraine in 1809. 13.... Caucasus separates... Black
Sea from... Caspian Sea. 14.... Europe and...
America are separated by... Atlantic Ocean. 15....
Baltic Sea is stormy in winter. 16. There are many
small islands in... Pacific Ocean. 17.... North Sea
separates... British Isles from... Europe. 18.... Bal
kans are old mountains. 19.... Nile flows across...
northeastern part of... Africa to... Mediterranean
Sea. 20. Which are... highest mountains in...
Russia?
Упражнение 36
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1.... Thames is... short river. 2.... Russia is washed by... Arctic Ocean in... north. 3. Kiev is to... south of... Moscow. 4.... Europe is... continent. 5.... Moscow is... capital of... Russia. 6. Is... Asia... island or... continent? 7.... Black Sea is in... south of our country. 8.... White Sea is in... north of our country. 9. This is... map of... world. Can you read... map? What can you see on... map? What... colour are... valleys on... map? 10. Petrov is... architect. He is... experienced architect. He is in... Far East. He has... wife. His wife is... typist. They have... son and... daughter. 11.... Philippines are situated to... southeast of... Asia.
Артикль 33
Упражнение 37
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. This is... pen. It is... good pen.... pen is black. It is on... table. 2. I have got... dog.... dog's name is Spot. He is... big grey dog.... dog is very strong. 3. My friend has... sister. Her name is Ann.... girl is... pupil. 4. We have... picture in... living room.... picture is very good. It is on... wall. 5.... Irish Sea is between... Great Britain and... Ireland. 6. There is... map on... wall of... classroom. It is... map of... world. There are many seas and lakes on... map. This is... Mediterranean Sea and that is... Red Sea. These are... Himalayas. They are... highest mountains in... world. 7. We live in... St. Petersburg.... St. Petersburg is... very large city. It is one of... largest cities in... Russia. 8. My brother is... doctor. His flat is in... centre of... city. It is in... new house. There are three rooms in... flat.... living room is.. largest of all. It is... nice light room. There are... pictures on... walls. There is... round table in... middle of... room. There is... sofa at... wall with... large thick carpet in... front of it.... study and... bedroom are small, but very comfortable.
Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания:
to have a good time from s morning till s night all o £ day long a lot of
2 Ю. Голицынский
34 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ
Артикль
Упражнение 38
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. Did you have... good time in the country? — Oh, yes.... weather was fine. We were out of... doors from... morning till... night. We played... football,... volleyball and... other games. We came... home late at... night and went to... bed at once. 2. Look at... clock! It is... quarter past ten. Go to... bed at once. 3.... sun rises in... east and sets in... west. 4. We spent last summer in... Ukraine, in... little village on... bank of... big river with... very warm water. There was... wood on... other side of... river. We often went to... wood and gathered... lot of... mushrooms. 5. My friend likes to play... chess. He is ready to play... chess all... day long. He is... best chess player in our school.
Перед названиями университетов артикль не употребляется.
• E.g. I shall study at s St. Petersburg University.
My grandfather graduated
from s Oxford University.
Упражнение 39
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. Teckle comes from... very old country on... Nile. It is called... Ethiopia.... Ethiopia is... beautiful mountainous country. Teckle is... young man. He wants to become... engineer. He is very happy to be... student of... St. Petersburg University. He
spends... lot of time at... library reading and studying different subjects. Very often in... evening his new friends and he walk about... city talking about their native countries. 2. Galina lives in... Ukraine. She lives in... small village near... Odessa. She is... librarian. She always has... lot of... work. Galina wants to enter... Moscow University and now she is preparing for... entrance exams. 3. My friend lives in... America. He is... student. He studies... history at... Harvard University. 4. Every year, thousands of... students come to... Cambridge from overseas to study... English. Use,... German student, graduated from... Cambridge University two... years ago.
Упражнение 40
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
When we want to write... letter, we take... piece of... paper and... pen. We first write our... address and... date in... right-hand corner. Then on... left-hand side we write... greeting. We may write, for instance, "My dear brother," "Dear Henry," etc., and then on... next line we begin... body of... letter. We must not forget to leave... margin on... left-hand side of... page. At... end of... letter we write "Yours," and then we sign our name. We put... letter into... envelope and close... envelope. On... envelope we write... name and address of... person who will receive it. We stick... stamp in... top right-hand corner, and then we post... letter.
Запомните следующее устойчивое словосочетание:
What's the use?
ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРН ИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ
Артикль 37
Упражнение 41
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
Once there lived... man who was very fond of... gold. He used to say, "While I have my gold, I am... happiest man in... world." And so all his life he saved... money. One day he was travelling in... desert of... North Africa. He lost his way. He had no... food or... water. He was almost dying of... hunger. He was so weak that he could not walk, he could only crawl.... heat was terrible. There were only... stones and... sand around. Just then he saw... bag lying on... sand. He hoped that he would find... food in it and... water, too. He crawled up to... bag and opened it. He saw that... bag was full of... gold. What is... use of... gold to... hungry man in... desert? He left... bag on... hot sand, crying bitterly, "I am... most unhappy man in... world."
theatre, but I am very busy. I work from... morning till... night. I even have no... time to play... piano. 4. Oleg has... lot of... interesting books at... home. 5.... lot of... tourists from... different countries come to... St. Petersburg. They want to see one of... most beautiful cities in... world. 6. My new friend said to me, "I am... student in... first year at Harvard." 7. We went to... cinema in... evening. 8. What... foreign languages does your father speak? — He speaks... English. He studied... English at... school. 9. I am interested in... history. 10. We played... tennis at... lesson of... physical training yesterday. We had... good time. 11. Did you go for... walk yesterday? — No, we didn't.... weather was bad, and we went to... cinema. 12. What are your friends doing? — Mary is playing... piano. Tom and Nick are playing... chess.
Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания:
to the cinema at the cinema
to the theatre at the theatre
to the shop at the shop
to the market at the market
to go for a walk
Упражнение 42
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. Let's go to... shop. I must buy... bread and... milk. 2. I was at... cinema yesterday. — What... film did you see? — Oh, I saw... very good film. I think it is... best film of... year. 3. Do you often go to... theatre? — No, I don't. I like to go to...
Упражнение 43
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
Three men came to... New York for... holiday. They came to... very large hotel and took... room there. Their room was on... forty-fifth floor. In... evening... friends went to... theatre and came back to... hotel very late. "I am very sorry," said... clerk of... hotel, "but... lifts do not work tonight. If you don't want to walk up to your room, we shall make... beds for you in... hall." "No, no," said one of... friends, "no, thank you. We don't want to sleep in... hall. We shall walk up to our room." Then he turned to his friends and said, "It is not easy to walk up to... forty-fifth floor, but we shall make it easier. On... way to... room I shall tell you some jokes; then you, Andy, will sing us some songs; then you, Peter, will tell us some interesting stories." So they
38 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ
Артикль
began walking up to their room. Tom told them many jokes; Andy sang some songs. At last they came to... thirty-sixth floor. They were tired and decided to have... rest. "Well," said Tom, "now it is your turn, Peter. After all... jokes, I would like to hear... sad story. Tell us... long and interesting story with... sad end." "... story which I am going to tell you," said Peter, "is sad enough. We left... key to our room in... hall."
... morning Swift asked... servant why he had not cleaned... boots. "What's... use cleaning... boots now?" said... servant. "... roads are muddy, and... boots will soon be dirty again." "All right," said... writer. "Let's go. We must continue... journey." "But I haven't had... breakfast," said... displeased servant. "Well, what's... use giving you... breakfast now?" said Swift. "You will soon be hungry again."
Запомните следующие конструкции:
The famous English writer Dickens lived in the 19th century.
Dickens, a famous English writer, lived in the 19th century.
Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания:
on S horseback on •/ board a ship
Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания:
in • fact the same
Запомните употребление артикля в восклицательных предложениях, начинающихся со слова what:
What a good boy! What a long story! What a day!
Упражнение 44
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
Swift,... famous English writer, was travelling one day on... horseback with his servant.... weather was bad, it was raining, and... roads were muddy. In... evening the two1 men came to... inn. Before going to... bed Swift told his servant to clean his boots. But... servant was lazy and did not do it. In
1 Обратите внимание на употребление определенного артикля перед количественным числительным. В этом случае определенный артикль имеет значение „эти"; „эти двое мужчин"; „эти два человека".
Упражнение 45
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
In... small town in... East there was once... man who had... parrot.... parrot was taught to say... words, "There is no doubt about it." It used to repeat these words all... day long. Every time it was asked... question, it gave... same answer, "There is no doubt about it." One day... man decided to sell... bird; so he put... parrot into... cage and went to... market with it. "Twenty pounds for... very clever parrot!" he cried.... man who was passing by heard this and turned to... parrot. "Are you worth twenty pounds?" he asked. "There is no doubt about it!"
ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ
Артикль
answered... parrot. "What... clever parrot!" said... man and bought... bird. He took... parrot home and invited his friends to look at... clever bird.... friends came and looked at... parrot and talked to it. Now you must know that... man was not rich. In... fact, he was often short of... money. So... week or two later, sitting in... armchair and looking at... parrot, he said, "What... fool I was to throw away such... lot of... money!" "There is no doubt about it!" cried... parrot. And this time... bird was right.
Упражнение 46
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
... train stopped at... little station.... passenger looked out of the window of... train carriage and saw... woman selling... cakes.... man had not had... breakfast in... morning. He was hungry and wanted to buy... cake.... woman was standing rather far from... carriage.... man did not want to go and buy... cake himself because he was afraid to miss... train. He saw... boy who was walking along... platform near... carriage. He called... boy and asked him, "How much does... cake cost?" "Threepence, sir," answered... boy.... man gave him a sixpence and said, "Bring me... cake, and with... other threepence buy... cake for yourself."... boy took... money and went to... woman. A few minutes later... boy returned. He was eating... cake. He gave... man threepence change and said, "... woman had only one cake, sir."
Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания:
it's •{_ high time to take • care of
to take s aim such a...
Упражнение 47
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
... crow once said to her children, "It's... high time for you to look for... food." With these words she turned them out of... nest and took them to... field. But... crow's children did not like... idea. "We'd rather go back to... nest," they cried. "It's so nice when you bring... food to us!" "Indeed!" said their mother. "You are big enough to feed yourselves. My mother turned me out of... nest when I was much younger, and I had to take... care of myself." "But... people will kill us with their guns," said... young crows. "No... fear of that," answered their mother. "Before... people shoot, they take... aim, and that takes... time. When you see... man raising... gun to his face, you must just fly away." "That's... simple thing to do," said... children, "but supposing... man or... boy wants to throw... stone at us: in such... case he won't have to take... aim." "Well, then he will have to bend down to pick up... stone," said... crow. "But what if he carries... stone in his hand ready?" "Why, if you are clever enough to think of that," said... mother, "you are clever enough to take... care of yourselves." And she flew away leaving... young crows in... field.
Упражнение 48
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
... Russia is such... large country that when it is night in one part of... country, it is day in another part, when it is winter in one part of... country, it is already summer in another. Imagine it is... beginning of... May now. It is spring in... St. Petersburg.... weather is fine. It is still cool at...
42 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ
Артикль
night, but it is quite warm in... afternoon. It sometimes rains, but... rain is warm, too.... ground is covered with... soft green grass, and... trees are covered with... green leaves. But while it is spring in St. Petersburg, it is still winter in... north of our country at... beginning of... May. Here it is cold and sometimes frosty,... rivers and... seas are covered with... ice.... ice does not melt in some places even in summer.... ground is covered with... deep snow. In... south of our country... weather is quite different. It is already summer in... Caucasus. It is much warmer than in St. Petersburg. It is sometimes even hot.... sky is usually cloudless and it seldom rains here. People wear... summer clothes.
Упражнение 49
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
1. Is this... interesting book? Is this... very interesting book? Is this... very interesting book you have spoken about so much? It is such... interesting book. Is it... same book you have recommended to us? 2. She is... teacher. She is... good teacher. She is... teacher of our school. She is... teacher of... English. Here is... teacher, ask her about... questions which interest you. 3. There is... word in... text which I cannot understand. There is... very difficult word, too, which I cannot pronounce. Here is... word I was looking up in the dictionary. This word is... adverb. 4.... first men were vegetarians. 5. Serfdom was abolished in... Russia in... 19th century. 6. Columbus, who discovered... America, was... native of... Genoa. 7.... Rome is... ancient town. 8.... Ireland,... Scotland and... Wales are
parts of... United Kingdom. 9. What is... name of... ocean between... America and... Asia? —... Pacific. 10. Last summer I visited... Switzerland and... Germany. 11.... Amsterdam is... capital of... Netherlands.
Упражнение 50
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
Once there lived... king. His name was Midas. He had... little daughter. They lived in... beautiful palace with... wonderful garden around it. Now... king was very fond of... gold. He loved... gold more than anything else in... world. One day, when... king was looking at his gold,... young man appeared before him. "You are... very rich man, Midas," said... young man. "Yes," said... king, "but I would like to be richer. I would like to have... golden touch. I want everything that I touch to turn into... gold."... young man was... magician, and he gave... king... golden touch which he wanted to have.... king was very happy. He touched... table, and... table became gold. He went into... garden. There were... beautiful roses in... garden. He touched... roses, and they also became gold.... king's daughter, who loved... roses very much, saw it and began to cry. "Don't cry,... dear daughter," said... king and touched his daughter's head.... next moment... girl turned into... beautiful gold statue.
Запомните следующее устойчивое словосочетание:
The fact is (was) that...
44 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ
Обратите внимание на употребление артикля со словом other (другой):
another — другой (неопределенный), какой-то другой, еще один (во множественном числе или перед неисчиспяемым существительным — other);
the other — другой (определенный), тот другой, другой из двух.
Упражнение 51
Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.
... group of... farmers were sitting in... village house, and among... other things they began talking about... echoes. One of... farmers said that there was... wonderful echo in... field near his farm where there was... large group of... trees. All... other farmers said that they would like to hear... echo, and... farmer invited them to come... next afternoon. But... fact was that... farmer did not really have... echo he had told... other farmers about. So when he came... home, he sent for... son of... cook and told him to go to... field, hide himself among... trees and imitate everything that was said.... next day... other farmers came, and... farmer took them to... field to listen to... wonderful echo. When they were in... field, he shouted at... top of his voice, "Are you there?" The answer came back, "Yes, I've been here for two hours!"
