We (strongly) agree with We (strongly) disagree with We think its reasonable to be-lieve that...
We dont think its reasonable to believe that
We are totally opposed to On the one hand,
On the other hand, However
Furthermore In addition Nevertheless
, , , - ,
1. The law condemns and punishes only actions within certain definite and narrow limits; it thereby justifies, in a way, all similar actions that lie outside those limits. Leo Tolstoy.
2. There is no liberty, if the power of judging is not separated from the legislative and executive powers. Alexander Hamilton.
10. . , - , - .
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1. In what way has the independence of courts and judges developed?
2. How can citizens take part in the administration of justice?
3. What is the language of proceedings in courts?
4. How is the term judge defined?
5. How do you explain the concepts of irremovability and immunity of judges?
6. What are the requirements to a person intending to be a judge?
UNIT 2. THE SYSTEM OF COURTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
TEXT 1
The Structure of the RF Courts (Part I)
Vocabulary
1. to reflect ,
2. to interpret , ,
3. to be consistent with -,
4. to adjudicate ; ,
5. the court of cassation
6. the highest court of appeal
7. the court of supervisory instance
8. a tier
9. a district court , ( )
10. the implementation of domestic law , -
11. legally binding
12. a provision of the law
13. fleet
14. garrison
15. military formation
16. anti-aircraft defene
17. an integral part
18. economic dispute
.
1. How are judges appointed to all federal courts?
2. What is the jurisdiction of the Constitutional Court?
3. What is the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court?
4. What is the jurisdiction of Military Courts?
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5. What is the jurisdiction of the Higher Arbitration Court?
6. What is the extra duty of the Supreme Court and the Higher Arbitration Court?
The judicial system of the Russian Federation consists of courts at the federal level and regional courts:
COURTS AT THE FEDERAL LEVEL 1.1. The Constitutional Court.
This is the highest judicial body in the Russian Federation. It is made up of 19 judges, proposed by the President of the Russian Federation and
approved by the Federation Council. Since June 2008 the Constitutional Court has been located in St Petersburg.
The Constitutional Court has jurisdiction to interpret the RF Constitution; to decide whether a federal law is consistent with the countrys Constitution; and to adjudicate whether or not laws regulations and normative acts passed by the President of the Russian Federation, the Council of the Federation, the State Duma, the Government of the Russian Federation, constitutions of republics, charters and other normative acts of the subjects of Russian Federation are consistent with the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
Courts of General Jurisdiction.
