Ex. VII. Work in groups and discuss the following:
What is normal? Something which you think is normal, someone from another country may think is quite extraordinary. Here are some customs from different countries including Britain. Mark what is normal in your country and compare it with Britain.
| Usual in Britain | Usual in your country | Usual in Britain | Usual in your country | ||
| Take your shoes off as soon as you enter someone's home | No | Take a presentif you are invited to visit someone for dinner | Yes | ||
| Shake hands the first time you meet someone | Yes | Remove the paper from a bunch of flowers before you give them to someone | No | ||
| Shake hands, when you meet a friend you last saw yesterday | No | Give flowers to a man | No | ||
| Kiss when you meet a friend you last met six months ago | No | Take a present of a bottle of wine for someone you do not know well | Yes | ||
| Kiss people on one cheek | Yes | Say thank you when you leave the table after a friend has given you meal | Yes | ||
| Kiss people on both cheeks | No | Write to say thank you when you get home after you have stayed with someone | Yes | ||
| Queue in a line if you are waiting for a bus or ticket | Yes | Arrive early for a party | No | ||
| Hold' the door open for a woman if you are a man | Yes | Arrive at exactly the time you were invited | Yes | ||
| Touch someone several times during a conversation | No | Arrive at a party one hour later than the time you were invited | No |
Ex. VIII. Describe the most characteristic features of people, quality of life, customs and traditions of Great Britain.
Ex. IX. Make dialogues.
One of you is an exchange student from Great Britain. The other wants to know about Great Britain as much as possible and asks questions about the geographical position, the state system, the climate and the major sights.
Ex. X. Translate into English:
1. Велика Британія оточена водою, тому її місце положення є сприятливим для розвитку морських комунікацій. 2. Острівне географічне розташування Великої Британії сприяє розвитку суднобудування, різноманітних торгівельних зв’язків з іншими країнами. 3. Воно також обумовило незалежне положення країни на протязі довгого часу. 4. Географічне положення сприяє розвитку землеробства та скотарства. 5. Погода в Британії змінюється дуже часто. Марк Твен казав про Америку: „Якщо вам не подобається погода Нової Англії, просто зачекайте кілька хвилин”. Але це можна казати і про Англію. 6. До того ж, Британія відома своїми туманами. Іноді вони такі густі, що неможливо побачити що-небудь з відстані у 2 чи 3 метри. 7. Кожний, хто приїздить до Англії, каже, що вона виглядає як один чудовий парк.
Unit VIII
Part I
Ex. I. Have you ever been in a bank? Do you have a bank account? What do you know about the types of bank accounts?
Ex. II. Read and answer the questions.
Money and Banking
There are several ways to define money and therefore several ways to measure the supply of money. Money Supply 1 has two major components: currency (coins and paper money) and demand deposits (checking accounts). Currency in commercial banks is excluded because it is used as partial banking for demand and time deposits. The quantity of demand deposits is over three times as large as the quantity of currency. These deposits are held in commercial banks and are owned by persons, business firms, and state and local government units.
Money Supply 2 includes the components of Money Supply 1 and the total amount of time and saving deposits in commercial banks. The major characteristics of these time and saving deposits are that they pay interest and that legally the owner may be required to notify the bank in advance before withdrawing cash. Economists call these deposits liquid assets or near money.
The broadest measure of Money Supply 3 includes deposits of mutual saving banks and savings and loan shares.
The real value of money is its purchasing power or command over goods and services, and varies inversely with changes in prices.
Money is used as a unit of account, medium of exchange, and store of value.
Each country has its own unit of account. The money unit of account in the United States is the dollar. In Mexico it is the peso. In recent years, most countries that had nondecimal units of account have changed to a decimal system.
The money medium of exchange consists primarily of currency and demand deposits. The usefulness of a medium of exchange in a country increases with the development of trade and specialization. It provides the owner with generalized purchasing power.
Active Words and Phrases:
| money supply | грошові ресурси | savings & loan shares | частка заощаджень та позики |
| currency | валюта | purchasing power | купівельна спроможність |
| demand deposits (checking accounts) | вклад у банку | unit of account | розрахункова грошова одиниця |
| interest | банківський процент | medium of exchange | засіб обміну |
| withdraw cash | забирати гроші готівкою | nondecimal unit of account | недесяткова грошова одиниця |
| notify a bank | сповіщати | decimal system | десяткова система |
| deposits of mutual savings banks | вклади в ощадному банку |
Ex. III. Comprehension questions:
1. What are the major components of Money Supply 1, 2?
2. What is a major characteristic of time and savings deposits?
3. What is the real value of money?
4. What are the functions of money?
5. What is the local unit of account?
6. Read the list of foreign units of account and complete it with other world currencies:
US dollar, Euro, Russian rouble, Poland zloty, British pound sterling, Turkish lira…
