, 1881. .
, (x y), , . , .
, | , | |
QX | QY | |
D |
A~B~C~D X Y . , , .
:
:
1. , , , , . , : U4>U3>U2>U1.
2 . 䒺 .
- X Y. , I , .. , , I . , , II IV . , 䒺 .
3. .
.. i1. . i2. . ~~ B~C. C X Y, , >. , , .
. ., Y Dy = -2. X x = 1., .
MRSxy (marginal rate of substitution)
, Y , X, .
Y X Y, X 1. , .
MRSXY = - , u=const.
.®. MRSXY = - = , u =const
MRSXY . - , 䒺 . , X Y,
|
|
QX ×MUX = QY ×MUY;
- = = MRSXY.
|
UX X Y, MUY , . . , - , .
. MRSXY , MU . MU , MRSXY , .
. :
) , (, ). MRSXY=0, .
), ) MRSXY=0 -
) . MRSXY = const (=1)
.
, . , . , . (I-income) X Y QX QY PX PY, :
I = PX× QX + PY × QY
, , .
, , .
() , () y.
, (.1), , (.2) ( ).
, :
- ;
-
(, ), (, ).