Thomas Wingfield was born here in the very room where I write today.
My grandfather had only one son my father. His great wish was to make a priest of him, but my father did not like the idea. Still he could not disobey his father and was obliged to go to a convent and prepare for his profession. But he behaved so badly that the prior at last begged my grandfather to take his son home.
When the boy grew older my grandfather decided to send him to Spain to study at a convent. My father agreed to go to Spain, for he wanted to see the world.
A year later a priest came from Spain and told my grandfather that his son had been fired from the convent and they had not heard anything of him since.
Two years later the news came that my father had fallen into the hands of the Inquisition and had been tortured to death.
My grandfather was very sad, though he did not really believe that his son was dead and always awaited his return.
But it was only three years after the old mans death that my father came home with his young wife who was a Spaniard.
My father never spoke about his life in Spain. But once I saw white scars on his body. I asked my father about them.
Thomas, he said, There is a country called Spain where your mother was born. There these devils live. They torture men and women and burn them alive in the name of Christ. The enemy of your mother betrayed me into their hands. They made these scars on my body and did not burn me because your mother saved me. Never speak of this, Thomas, for the Inquisition has a long arm.
II. :
- What was Thomas grandfather wish? 2. What was Thomas father behavior in a convent? 3. Where did his father go to? 4. What news came from Spain? 5. When did Thomas father return? 6. Who made the scars on his fathers body?
III. 3 .
IV. :
You have a lot of mistakes in your dictation. Why didnt you ask me?
Couldnt you wake me up?
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Do that next time.
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What are you going to do now?
And Im going to get tea table ready.
V. :
My father agreed to go to Spain. He decided to send him to Spain.
VI. 5 .
VII. :
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1
YORK
The city of York is in the North of England. Seven centuries ago it was famous for its religious drama, called mystery plays. Thousand years before that it was famous as the greatest Roman city of the north. Much of tradition in this city lives in.
The cathedral with its magnificent strained glass windows, and the narrow streets are almost unchanged since medieval times. The old houses that crowd along the streets sometimes lean so close to each other that two people can shake hands from the first floor windows.
York is famous all over Britain for its railway carriage works, and all over the world for its confectionary, but any expansion of industry in the city seems unlikely.
York has a university. This makes a tremendous impact on the cultural life of the city, because a lot of people living there are connected with the university.
A number of them will want a theatre of high standard, and the best films and music they can get. York is now beginning to provide these facilities.
2.
- Where is the city of York? 2. What is it famous for? 3. Why does a university make tremendous impact on the cultural life of York? 4. How many people are connected with the university?
3. ,
Compression, development, resistance, difference, homeless, careless, hopeless, workable, returnable, structural, statement, specialization, simply, rolled, rotational, previously, optional, movement, independence, fantastic
4. .
York begins to provide new facilities for the better culturual life in the city.
5.
Higher speeds, an electrical engineer, a processing engineer, considerable assurance, a long-rage flight
6. , . .
1. Reading English books he always makes notes. 2. On coming home he made some telephone calls. 3. The boy reading a book is my sisters son. 4. Reading the poem with great skill was met very warmly. 5. She is reading a poem now. 6. He likes swimming.
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1. It is important to know the rule. 2. It is late to go for a walk. 3. One must work well. 4. They say it is time to make a choice. 5. There are no pictures on the wall.
2
1.
CAMBRIDGE
Cambridge is world famous principally as a university city and undoubtedly owes much of its character and history to the development of the university and college during the past seven hundred years. Peterhouse, founded in 1284, was the first college and now there are twenty-two/ Many of them are grouped together and with their buildings surrounding green courts, their fine chapels, halls and libraries, and the tree-lined Backs, they create a picture of Cambridge as one of the most interesting and beautiful cities in Great Britain. The Backs, the pride of Cambridge, are a stretch of the river Cam which winds its placid way between the mellow walls of the college. Their smooth lawns are magnificent views. The scene across the Backs to the pinnacled Kings College Chapel is breathtaking, and the Chapel itself, built between 1446 and 1515, is one of the great architectural glories of Britain.
Other Cambridge buildings worthy of note include the Round Church and the Fitzwilliam Museum, a treasure-house of original manuscripts, statuary, tapestry and archeological discoveries.
Cambridge has not completed with other towns of similar size in the field of industrial expansion, but has successfully retained its true character as a university city. Nevertheless, many important light industries have been established in Cambridge.
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1. Why is Cambridge world-famous? 2. When was the first college founded? What was it? 3. How many colleges are there now? 4. What is the name of the river there? 5. What industries have been established in the city?
- , .
Journalist, signature, operation, remarkable, regular, scientific, science, separately, generally, fully, remember, multiplication, official, sensitivem scarcely, regularity, probably, principal, quality, receiver
Cambridge attracts many foreign students from all over the world.
An experienced worker, air compressing pump, required service, a jet-propelled vehicle, a multi-staged rocket
6.. , . .
1. They thanked me for helping them. 2. He is calling now, wait a moment. 3. Calling her he forgot to ask the number of the train. 4. Cooking was her hobby. 5. The man calling is Anns father.
7., - .
1. There is much snow outside. 2. One must look to the left before crossing the road. 3 They say he is an honest man. 4. It is necessary to be here at 5 oclock. 5. It is cold in winter.
3
1.
ENERGY CRISES
All over the world there is an energy crisis. The high price of oil is affecting people everywhere. Some countries, especially the very developed ones, feel the difficulties immediately. Others will have problems later. In Britain at present the energy crisis is partly because of expensive oil and partly because of British coal miners. They do not work as many hours as usual because they demand higher wages. The Government does nothing to satisfy miners demands. Coal is a very important fuel for electrical power as well as in homes. In order to save heat and light, businesses, offices and industries can only work three days a week. Many people have no work. The miners want to show everyone how dangerous and hard their job is.
Conditions in the British mines are still most unpleasant and hard. It is a very difficult job for a man mentally and physically. The new machinery which cuts coal makes the air less dirty than twenty years ago, but the noise is head-splitting.
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The passages of 84cm wide are not much room for men to work and breathe in. The miners must crawl along and often they are sitting in water. The miners remind of the terrible accidents in mines where shafts collapse and bury men underground. They receive serious injuries and die. Minor accidents are part of everyday life many men lose fingers in the machinery. Every day 50 out of 1,000 men at one pit are not at work because of injuries. Coal dust causes a lung disease which kills three hundred men every year.
2.
1. Why do the developed countries feel difficulties? 2. What is the energy crisis? 3. What are the conditions in the British mines for miners? Give some examples. 4. How many men at one pit are not at work every day?
3. , .
Technologist, reflection, organizer, helpless, powerful, reactive, practically, presently, widely, fluently, forward, qualification, nervous, business, difficulty, modest, stormy, wooden, wireless, willingly
4.
A lung disease kills three hundred men every year.
5.
A world-famous university city, a rare metal, developing countries, developed countries, the gravitational wave
6. , . .
1. Studying the various phenomena of Nature, Newton discovered the law of gravitation. 2. He finished speaking and sat down. 3. Grammar is the art of speaking, reading and writing. 4. Tim is studying in the next room, dont disturb him. 5. we came up to the crying girl and asked her what had happened.
7., -
1. One should see a doctor when he feels unwell. 2. There is not much time left. 3. They say the prices will go up. 4. It is not easy to learn languages. 5. It is late to call her now.
4
1.
SISTER CARRIE
When Caroline Meebertook the afternoon train, her total baggage consisted of a small trunk, a cheap bag, a small lunch in a paper box, and a yellow leather purse, containing her ticket, a slip of paper with her sisters address in Chicago, and four dollars.
It was in August, 1889. She was eighteen years old, bright, timid, and full of illusions, of ignorance and youth. Her thoughts were not regretful. Sudden tears at her mothers last kiss, a sad feeling when the train passed by the mill where her father worked, a pathetic sigh as the familiar green gardens of the village passed in view.
Of course there was always the next station, where she could descend and return. There was the great city, where the trains came up daily .
She looked at the little slip with her sisters address and thought of what awaited her there. She looked at the green landscape, now passing in quick review, until her quicker thoughts of the future life in Chicago replaced its impression.
Caroline, or Sister Carrie, as she had been called by the family, had no great power of observation and analysis.
She was pretty and eye reflecting certain naïve intelligence; she was a good example of the middle American class of that time.
2.
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1.What did Carolines baggage consist of? 2.Where did she go? 3.How old was Caroline? 4.Why were not her thoughts regretful? 5.By what name had she been called by the members of the family?
3. , .
Farmer, movement, communication, hopeful, jobless, probably, cloudly, playable, spaceship, cooperation, techological, navigation, improvement, incompatible, entirely, friendly, scientific, peaceful
4.
She thought of her future life in Chicago.
5.
Different social systems, the Earths surface, joint flight, the international climate, a direct communication line, the world meteorological centers, the most modern equipment
6. , . .
1. Here he is: he is posting a letter now. 2. Posting aletter he remembered he had forgotten to write his address. 3. Stop arguing and start working. 4. The children prefer watching TV to reading books. 5. A person speaking over the phone is our teacher. 6. Having graduated from the Institute she was left there to work as a teacher.
7., -
1. One should follow doctors advice in order to recover soon. 2. There are many guests at the party. 3. It is never late to learn. 4. It is impossible to do it without his help. 5. They say the weather will change for the better soon.
5
1.
CHARLOTTE BRONTE
When Charlotte was not fifteen she had again to face excile from home. She went as a boarder to Woolers school, not far from Dewsbury. Here, although unhappy and nervous at first, she made friends with two girls. The new pupil was too short-sighted to play games but she worked hard in the classroom, and if politics were discussed she was acknowledged to be supreme. We know a great deal about her from letters to her close friend.
Charlotte was a pupil for about eighteen months, and when she returned, three years later, as a teacher there, she took her sister Emily with her. The girls tried being governess but they hated it.
Charlotte was set on making something for her brother and sisters.
A great turning point in the familys life came in 1842 when the sisters, with money help from their aunt, thought, of starting a school. To acquire qualifications for teaching Charlotte and Emily decided to go to Brussels to improve their foreign languages.
The sisters were very shy. But they were determined to learn, and learned very hard indeed.
The sisters first published work appeared in 1846, when Charlotte was 30. They had put together a little volume of verses, using as their pseudonyms Currer Bell for Charlotte< Fills Bell for Emily, and Acton Bell for Ann, their third sister.
2.
1.How old was Charlotte when she had again to face excile from home? 2.How many friends had she at Woolers school? 3.How long did Charlotte study at school? 4.What were her sisters names? 5.Why did Charlotte and Emily decide to go to Brussels?
3. , .
Knowledge, literally, impatient, illusion, hurriedly, hardly, helpless, granular, golden, friendship, excitement, encounter, darkness, examination, graduate, heartly, poverty, playmate, real, helper, nation, illness, jobless, thankful, neighbourhood
4.
We know a great deal about her from her letters to her close friend.
5.
An unusual gift, special permission, the scientific achievements, space experts, unforseen situations, joint experiments, the new docking unit, a workabla periodic classification, the forming properties
6. , . .
1.The woman said Good bye! to the children going to school. 2.Walking is very useful. 3.Look!The boys are fighting 4.Crossing the street be careful! 5 A smiling girl at the end of the room is my sister. 6. All the people driving a car should be attentive.7.I had no hope of meeting her here.
7., -
1. It is very important to know languages when you go abroad. 2. They say the elections will be held in May. 3. There are many new things in the shop. 4. One should not be late for work. 5. It is useful to walk much.
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1.
ANIMALS SEVENTH SENSE
The town of Concepeton, 250 miles south of Santiago in Chile, has a strange history. The people who live there still talk about the curious episode which happened in 1935.
At about 10.30 one morning all birds in the town suddenly took to the air, swirling and screaming. This chaos lasted for about an hour, also suddenly animals began to join in. First the horses started whinging and running around as if they gone crazy. Rats appeared from nowhere, filling the streets. Dogs ran out of the houses, calling with rats in their hurry. The human inhabitants had no idea of what was going on.
Ten minutes later, at 11.40 they found out: a major earthquake hit the town and destroyed it.
How could these animals have been warned that something was going on to happen when people were not? The incident in Concepeton started a research which proved that animals and plants can have strange powers, which human beings do not have.
Animals possess at least two senses that have never developed in humans. One is an electrical field which helps some fish to find food and to feel the difference between friend and enemy. The seventh sense, common to many animals, is called the third eye.
It allows the animals to see what their normal eyes cannot see.
2.
1.What happened with all birds in the town? 2.What did the horses do? 3.What did rats and dogs do? 4.What happened ten minutes later? 5.What did the incident in Concepeton prove?
3. , .
Situation, socialist, vacation, unable, unusual, variable, easily, lately, early, hardly, structural, famous, rearward, recognition, protection, probably, presently, naval, mysterious
4.
Animals possess at leat two senses that have never developed in humans.
5.
National economy, south-eastern suburbs, semi-circular bastions, fifteen inches high, a small passage, a little three-legged table, the unaided eye, the negative electrode, increasing distance, a particular type
6. , . .
1.Who is meeting her? 2.Meeting her at the platform he took the luggage. 3.On seeing her parents the girl laughed. 4. A boy looking at her is her son. 5.She is always smiling. 6.He thinks of going to America
7., -
1.It is possible to solve the problem now. 2. They say the winter will be cold. 3. One must learn how to drive a car nowadays. 4.It is early to make conclusions. 5. There is not much food in the refrigerator.
7
1.
MY NEW HOME
Early in May there came a man who took me away. My mother said, Good bye, Darkie; be a good horse and always do your best. I could not say Good bye, so I put my nose into his hand; he patted me kindly and then I left my first home. My new home was very good too. My stable was very large. It had four good stalls and a large window which opened on the yard. So we had plenty of air and it was very pleasant. My stall was called a loose box. The horse in a loose box is not tired up but quite free and can move about easily. It is a great thing to have a loose box.
The groom gave some very nice oats, patted me, spoke kindly, and then went away.
In the stall next to mine stood a little fat grey pony, with a thick mane and tail, a very pretty head, and a pert little nose.
I saidHow do you do? What is your name?
He turned round, held up his head and said: My name is Merrylegs. I am very handsome. I carry the young ladies on my back and sometimes I even take out our mistress out in the carriage. Everybody here is fond of me.
2.
1.Who was Darkie? 2.When did Darkie leave his first home? 3.Who took him away?4,What was his new home? 5.Who was in the stall next to Darkie? 6.What was the ponys name?
3. , .
Novelist, structure, leadership, structural, homeless, hopeful, really, privately, lately, universally, unusual, treatment, constitution, typical, suitable, supporter, reflection, principal, quantitative
4.
Sometimes I even take out our mistress out in the carriage.
5.
Four years later, scientific research, the great Russian inventors, an honourable place, a long way from, surrounded by, the youngsters face, the scientific experiment
6. , . .
1.Did you hear of his going abroad? 2.I dont enjoy going to the doctor. 3.She is reading English well. 4.Reading new texts he always made notes. 4.A girl reading a book is my daughter. 5. People working well always get good results.
7., -
1.They say Russian people are hospitable. 2.There is much rain this month. 3.It is likely that he will recover soon. 4. One must not talk during the lessons. 5. It is no good to tell lie.
8
1.
KIDNAPPED
I was seventeen when one morning I left my house forever. My mother and father were both dead. I set off with a stick over my shoulder and a small bundle
As I walked down the road, I saw Mr.Campbell, standing at the garden gate.
I am waiting to say good-bye to you, David,he said. I will walk down the river with you. I have something to tell you. After your mothers death and when your father was very sick, he asked me to give you this letter. After he died I tell you to go to the House of Shaws, it is near Edinburgh, said Mr.Campbell. The family who live there, my boy, have the same name as you
He gave me the letter.
Shall I go there now? I asked Mr. Campbell.
You must go at once, he answered. You can walk there in two days. If your highborn relations tell you to go away, come back to my house.
Then he gave me the little money, which my father had left. He took me in his arm, kissed me and saying good-bye, he turned back home.
2.
1.Why did a boy leave home forever? 2.What did he set off with? 3.What did Mr.Campbell tell David? 4.What did he give him? 5.What did Mr.Campbell tell David to do if his highborn relations told him to go away?
3. , .
Pessimist, organist, typical, usual, technological, friendly, easily, scientist, hardly, rainy, wonderful, workshop, versatile, various, valuable, unknown, musical, musician, namely, metallic, measurement
4.
He gave me the letter and the little money.
5.
The old mans chair, the foreign policy of Russia, the fourth decade of the month, a uniform economic basis, the further socio-economic development, the international cooperation
6. , . .
1. The train is moving and you are late. 2.Look at the moving car: it is the most modern model. 3. Going at a great speed a car is unable to stop at once. 4.She is looking forward to watching the film. 5.There a lot of ways of doing this.
7., -
1.One must help the poor and homeless. 2. There is no good news from him. 3. It is hard to get at early in the morning. 4. They say he is a very hardworking man. 5. It is known that they have divorced.
9
1.
THE BEAUTY OF THE WEST
I came to the steamboat two hours before it was to start and spent this time examining the ship. It looked like a two-storeyed house about two hundred feet long. It was built of wood and painted white. There was a row of windows along the upper storey and two tall tunnels rose in the centre. The saloon for passengers was a large long room filled with rich furniture fine tables, sofas, chairs and armchairs.
From the saloon I went to the deck. This was the favorite place for passengers during the trip. There were chairs on the deck where passengers sat talking and gazing at the river. I sat down in one of them and decided to watch the busy life of the landing-place. This especially lively activity on our Beauty of The West showed that the ship was ready to sail. Another large boat named the Magnolia was also about to start and passengers were hurrying to it, fearing to be late. The boats were so close that their sailors could shout to each other. From what they said I understood that the Magnolia and the Beauty of the West were rival boats. I soon learned they would start at the same time, and that a race was expected
2.
1.What were the names of the ships? 2.How does the Beauty of the West look like? 3. What do the passengers do on the deck? 4.What did the author learn about the trip?
3. , .
Composition, freedom, methodist, sportless, careless, sleepless, portable, witness, wonderful, validity, uniform, temperature, transistor, successful, significance, socialist, remarkable, forgetful
4.
I came to the steamboat two hours before it started.
5.
His best-known works, rare books, ten feet long, three feet wide, a piece of lemon pie, highly popular, the ancient Kremlin, the great reconstruction, special attention, the numerous recreation parks
6. , . .
1.What about discussing it now? 2.She is always forgetting something. 3. Forgetting something she always asks us to help. 4. Do you have an opportunity of visiting the exhibition? 5. Those singing children sound very nice.
7., -
1.One must put away dishes after eating. 2.It is not late to give her an answer. 3. They say it is not a bad idea. 4. There is much new information in the article. 5.It is hard to catch up with the group.
10
1.
ONE FRIDAY MORNING
Nancy Lee Johnson was a colored girl. But her classmates seldom thought of her color. She was smart, pretty and brown and fitted in well with the life of the school. She was an excellent student, a good basketball player, sang in a soft velvety voice at school concerts, and everybody was very fond of her.
Nancy Lees father was a postman, her mother was a clerk. Both parents had been to Negro colleges in the South. And her mother had also studied at a Northern university. Her parents were, like most Americans, simply ordinary people who had worked hard and steadily for their education. Now they were trying to make it easier for Nancy Lee to achieve learning, than it had been for them. They would be very happy when they learned of the award to their daughter yet Nancy did not tell them. To surprise them would be better. Besides there had been a promise.
One day, Miss Dietrich, the art teacher, asked Nancy Lee what frame she thought would be best on her picture. That had been the first inkling.
Blue, Nancy Lee said. Although the picture was sent to the Artist Club contest a month ago. Nancy Lee could still see her picture clearly for that picture waiting for the blue frame had come out of her own life. She knew that it was her best water-color, and she was glad she had made something Miss Dietrich liked so well.
2.
1.Was Nancy a white girl? 2.Where did she study? 3.Describe her portrait. 4.What were her parents?
3. , .
Typist, association, novelist, soundless, speechless, homeless, understandable, convincible, manhood, formulation, virtue, vibration, unfortunately, technological, special, sensitive, requirement, reflectively
4.
She sang in a soft velvety voice at school concerts.
5.
Lecture rooms, modern English, civil engineering, mechanical engineering, mechanical power, refined petrol, a small diameter pipe, the exhaust valve, the radial motion
6. , . .
1. The woman coming here is our new teacher. 2.They are going by that train. 3.I dont like reminding him about it. 4. Coming to our place he can meet somebody in the street. 5.He is busy doing the work.
7., -
1.Its useless to argue with him. 2.There are many new items at the exhibition. 3.One should be polite. 4.It is important to follow the instruction. 5. They say it is the best film of the year.
3
