(close maneuver air combat), (long-range air combat) , ᒺ.
1983 . ͳ DA1 27 1994 .
2000 , (supersonic agile canard configuration combat aircraft) , 㳿 (Stealth technology). (tapered wing) (wing sweep angle) 55º (high-lift device) (, , ) (coal-plastic skin).
(reinforced three-strut landing gear) - 700 .
(pilots cockpit) . . (radar and laser acquisition illumination systems) , (active and passive infrared jamming system)
2000 - (pulsed Doppler radar) ECR 90 ( ) 185 6 , ϳ ᒺ.
27- 27 150 13 , , , , , , 6,5 .
| ó | Act as an interpreter |
| ? | The Black Hawk is the Armys front-line utility helicopter ( ) used for air assault, air cavalry, and aero-medical evacuation units. |
| , ? | The Black Hawk has performed admirably in a variety of missions, including air assault, air cavalry and aero-medical evacuations. In addition, modified Black Hawks operate as command and control, electronic warfare, and special operations platforms. |
| ? | It is designed to carry 11 combat-loaded, air assault troops, and it is capable of moving a 105-millimeter howitzer and 30 rounds of ammunition. |
| ? | The Black Hawk has built-in tolerance to small arms fire ( ) and most medium-caliber high-explosive projectiles. The aircraft's critical components and systems are armored or redundant to enable it to withstand multiple small arms hits and its airframe is designed to progressively crush on impact to protect the crew and passengers in a crash. |
| ? | The Black Hawk first went into combat in the invasion of Grenada in October 1983. It has since served with distinction in Panama Southwest Asia, Somalia, Haiti, Bosnia and elsewhere. |
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Lesson 28 Naval Armament
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| Active terms and expressions |
| armament (armt) | ; ; |
| amphibious operation | |
| landing craft (LC) | ; - ; |
| depth charge | |
| warship | ; |
| service ship | |
| fighting ship | |
| torpedo (torp) | ; |
| aircraft carrier (CV) | |
| task force | 璺 (); () |
| battleship (bat) | |
| cruiser (CG) | |
| medium-sized warship | |
| long-range cruising | |
| nuclear-powered engine | |
| destroyer (DD) | ; |
| multipurpose ship | |
| maneuverability | |
| antisubmarine | |
| frigate (FF) | ; |
| submarine (SS) | |
| antisubmarine warfare ASW | |
| escort | ; ; ; ; |
| escort ship | |
| surface | ; ; ( ) |
| vessel (ves) | ; ; |
| amphibious warfare ship (LPD) | |
| knot | |
| amphibious transport dock | - - |
| invasion area | |
| patrol combatant ship (PG) | |
| guided missile patrol ship (FM) | |
| hydrofoil | ; |
| cruising range | |
| bottom of the hull | ; () |
| effectiveness | ; |
| auxiliary ships | |
| rescue-type operations | - |
| service craft | ; |
| harbor | ; (); |
| floating dock | |
| tender |
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| to be equipped with sth | |
| to fight off an enemy | |
| to attack an enemy by using gunfire, missiles and torpedoes | , |
| to launch aircraft quickly and effectively | |
| to accompany or escort aircraft carriers | |
| to support amphibious operations | |
| to operate offensively against submarines | 䳿 |
| to scout, locate, and sink enemy surface ships | , |
| to keep watch | |
| to back up combatant ships | |
| to furnish vital supplies | |
| to provide medical aid |
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Naval Armament
Armament is the gage by which the offensive power of a ship is measured. Normally we think of armament as meaning guns, torpedoes, missiles, etc. Depending on the ships mission, however, the term also includes aircraft used for offensive purposes and landing craft suitable for amphibious operations.
Most Navy ships are equipped with some type of weapons. These include guns, rockets, missiles, depth charges, and aircraft. These weapons are the armament that a ship carries in order to fight off or attack an enemy. The armament depends upon the ships mission and the type of category of the ship. A warship would beequipped with armament of various sizes while a service ship usually has no armament.
Warships are classified as combatants. These fighting ships are built mainly for defense and to attack an enemy by using gunfire, missiles, torpedoes, and other weapons. Included in this category of combatant ships is the aircraft carrier. It carriers, launches, and handles aircraft quickly and effectively.
The aircraft carrier, designated, is an excellent long-range offensive weapon. She is the center of a modern naval task force which is a group of ships with a common under one command. The aircraft carrier has replaced the battleship which originally was the largest and most powerful ship ever built.
Another combatant ship is a cruiser. Cruisers are medium-sized warships capable of long-range cruising and high speed. They are used to accompany or escort aircraft carriers and to act as leaders in attacks against an enemy. Cruisers also support amphibious operations which put fighting personnel and equipment on enemy-held land. Cruisers are designated and those with nuclear-powered engines are CGN.
Destroyers are multipurpose ships that are used in almost any kind of naval operation. These combatant ships are smaller than cruisers, but have little or no armor on them as cruisers do. Destroyers depend on their maneuverability and speed to be effective. Their armament consists of 5-inch guns, a variety of antisubmarine weapons, and guided missiles.
The U.S. Navy has again adopted the classification frigate for ships. In the 1800s frigates were an important part of the Navy sailing fleet. Today these combatant ships are designated to operate offensively against submarines. They are equipped for antisubmarine warfare with torpedoes and missiles. Frigates are also used for oceangoing escort duty.
A submarine is a combatant ship that operates primarily underwater. It has become one of the most important weapons in naval warfare. Originally, a submarines primary mission was to scout, locate, and then sink enemy surface ships. Now, however, a submarine can launch attacks against targets ashore as well as combat enemy ships. The submarine is a nuclear-powered, high speed vessel. Submarines are referred to as boats by Navy personnel, never as ships. Nuclear boats can operate at depths of more than 400feet, stay submerged for months, and travel at speeds faster than 20 knots.
For land and sea operations the U.S. Navy uses amphibious warfare ships. These combatants can put thousands of personnel and tons of equipment and supplies on enemy-held shores. One type of ship is the amphibious transport dock. This warship can carry troops and all their equipment to an invasion area. To carry troops ashore, landing craft can be launched through large openings in the stern while the ship is underway or dead in the water. The U.S. Navy also uses patrol combatant ships. There are two categories or groups of these ships, patrol and guided missile patrol. A patrol combatant is gunboat capable of patrolling and keeping watch even in shallow water near shore. The main engine in a patrol combatant ship is a combination diesel and gas turbine which gives the ship both high speed and long cruising range.
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The guided missile patrol combatant (hydrofoil) is a new class of patrol ship designed to fly in the water. Submerged foils attached to the bottom of the hull lift it from the water, causing the ship to reach such high speeds that it appears to fly over the water.
The effectiveness of the Navy depends to a great extent on the quantity and type of auxiliary ships it possesses. Some auxiliary ships back up or support combatant ships. They furnish vital supplies such as fuel, ammunition, food, freshwater, etc. Other auxiliary ships are designed especially for towing or pulling disabled vessels, salvaging materials and equipment from sunken ships, and rescue-type operations.
Among the hardest working ships in the Navy are the various service craft. For the most part these working ships are unarmed. They are utility ships and boats that serve in ports and harbors. They include floating docks where ships are repaired. These service ships are tenders which provide medical aid, religious services, and recreation.
| s | Answer the questions |
1. What is armament?
2. What types of weapons are most ships equipped with?
3. What is the classification of the US Navy ships?
4. What combatant craft do you know?
5. What auxiliary ships do you know?
6. What is service craft designed for?
| > | Read, decipher and translate abbreviations |
PG; FM; LPD; SS; FF; LC; ASW; torp; CV; ves; GM; DD; equip; acft; sup; USN; armt;
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| Translate into Ukrainian |
Armament; amphibious operation; depth charge; service ship; torpedo; task force; cruiser; long-range cruising; destroyer; maneuverability; submarine; escort; surface; submerge; knot; amphibious transport dock; patrol combatant ship; hydrofoil; bottom of the hull; auxiliary ships; rescue-type operations; harbor; tender; to fight off an enemy; to attack an enemy by using gunfire, missiles and torpedoes; to be capable of sth; to support amphibious operations; to scout, locate, and sink enemy surface ships; to back up combatant ships; to provide medical aid; mission; combatant; personnel equipment; opening; diesel engine; to be effective; to be referred to; to be underway.
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| Translate into English |
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; - - ; ; ; ; ; - ; ; ; ; ; ; ; 䳿 ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; .
| ó | N | O |
| Translate quickly |
; armament; ; amphibious operation; ; depth charge; ; service ship; ; torpedo; ; task force; ; cruiser; ; long-range cruising; ; destroyer; ; maneuverability; ; frigate; ; antisubmarine warfare; ; escort ship; ; vessel; ; amphibious warfare ship; ; amphibious transport dock; ; patrol combatant ship; ; hydrofoil; ; bottom of the hull; ; auxiliary ships; ; rescue-type operations; ; harbor; ; tender; ; to fight off an enemy; ; to attack an enemy by using gunfire, missiles and torpedoes; ; to be capable of sth; ; to support amphibious operations; 䳿 ; to scout, locate, and sink enemy surface ships; ; to back up combatant ships; ; to provide medical aid; ; mission; ; combatant; ; personnel; ; supply; ; stern; ; gas turbine; ; to be designated; ( - ); to operate at depth; ( ); to carry troops and equipment.
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| A | Build up your vocabulary |
armament
conventional armaments
nuclear armaments
armaments race
armament control system
armament panel
armament control switch
defensive armament
tank armament
main armament
authorized armament
antisurface armament
attack armament
combined cannon/missile armament -
first-rate armament ()
ground-attack armament
vehicular armament ,
antiguerrillaarmament
| N | Translate at sight |
. , (high-speed, armored weapon carrier), . . , .
. (naval artillery) , , - , . . , - , - . ( 䳿 440 , ) (sea-launched missile) .
: ? . .
: (amphibious tactical landing); ; (firth) . : ; ; ; .
, , - - .
| O | Translate by ear |
Torpedoes
Torpedo is self-propelled guided projectile that operates underwater and is designed to detonate in case of contact or in proximity to a target.
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Torpedoes may be launched from submarines, surface ships, helicopters and fixed-wing aircraft. They are also used as parts of other weapons; the Mark 46 torpedo becomes the warhead section of the ASROC (Anti-Submarine Rocket) and the Captor mine uses a submerged sensor platform that releases a torpedo when a hostile contact is directed. The major torpedoes in the Navy inventory are the Mark 48 heavyweight torpedo, the Mark 46 lightweight and Mark 50 advanced lightweight.
The Mark 46 torpedo is designed to attack high performance submarines, and is presently identified as the NATO standard. The Mark 46 Mod 5 torpedo is the backbone of the Navys lightweight ASW torpedo inventory and is expected to remain in service until the year 2015.
The Mark 50 is an advanced lightweight torpedo for use against the faster, deeper-diving () and more sophisticated submarines. The Mark 50 can be launched from all ASW aircraft, and from torpedo tubes ( ) abroad surface combatant ships. The Mark 50 will eventually replace the Mark 46 as the fleets lightweight torpedo.
General Characteristics, MK-46 Mod 5:
Primary Function: Air and ship-launched lightweight torpedo;
Power Plant: Two-speed, reciprocating external combustion ( ); mono-propellant fueled ();
Length: 102.36 in;
Weight: 517.65 lbs;
Diameter: 12.75 in;
Range: 8.000 yards;
Depth: Greater than 1.200 ft;
Speed: Greater than 28 knots;
Guidance system: Homing mode: Active or passive/active acoustic homing;
Warhead: 98 lbs of PBNX 103 high explosive (bulk charge);
| Translate in writing |
(heavy aviation carrier cruiser), 1143.55, , 1143.5 (shipbuilding facility) . .
- , . , .
14700 . , - . (arresting cable). . 16 -41 12 -27 (-33).
, 12 . , Shipwreck 䳿 400 .
- 24 192 . , , . . 12-15 .
, 4 8 256 . , , , . 䳿 1,5-8 .
-1, , . , (diminutive submarine) (subversive means), . 10 (depth charge rocket). 䳿 3000 600 .
, , , , .
, , . , , .
8 4 , 50000 .., 4 . 29 , 18 8500 .
1960 , 200 . 626 - , 40 .
3857 387 , 134 50 , 6 , 120 6000 .
| ó | Act as an interpreter |
| - ? | The Royal Navy has 129 ships and submarines, 182 aircraft and 3 Royal Marine Commandos There are around 36,500 people in the Royal Navy (9.2% female), and 6,500 in the Royal Marines. 18,500 civilian personnel work in direct support. |
| - ? | Royal Navy ships operate around the world in support of defense missions and tasks. In recent operations the Royal Navy and Royal Marines have been ready to assist in the evacuation of British citizens from countries where their lives may be at risk - Sierra Leone, Albania and Indonesia - and have contributed to the peacekeeping force in East Timor |
| ³, - . , , ? | Invincible class aircraft carriers can deploy worldwide and operate aircraft without needing airfields. They provide a platform to direct large-scale maritime and coastal operations, whether national, coalition or NATO, and carry Royal Navy and RAF Harrier aircraft, airborne early warning and anti-submarine helicopters. The mix of these forces may vary depending on the specific mission |
| - ? | Conventionally armed nuclear powered attack submarines can cover a vast distance unseen and unheard. As well as their anti-ship and anti-submarine roles they can support land operations with Tomahawk Land Attack Missiles. |
| - ? | Frigates and destroyers are the workhorses of the Fleet. They are much in demand in peacetime for peacekeeping, humanitarian aid and guard ship duties, and are used during conflict to prevent air, surface and submarine attacks on other vessels. |
