The operational control of the US Armed Forces is assigned to the Unified Combatant Commands (UCCs). They are highly trained ground, air, and naval combat forces from two or more of the military departments operationally controlled by the President through the SECDEF and the JCS. The UCCs are assigned broad continuing missions that involve the security of the U.S. and its allies.
The nine UCCs are: U.S. Northern Command (USNORTHCOM) (Peterson Air Force Base, Colo.), U.S. Pacific Command (USPACOM) (Honolulu, Hawaii), U.S. Southern Command (USSOUTHCOM) (Miami, Fla.), U.S. Central Command (USCENTCOM) (MacDill Air Force Base, Fla.), U.S. European Command (USEUCOM) (Stuttgart-Vaihingen, Germany), U.S. Joint Forces Command (USFSCOM) (Norfolk, Va.), U.S. Special Operations Command (USSOCOM) (MacDill Air Force Base, Fla.), U.S. Transportation Command (USTRANSCOM) (Scott Air Force Base, Ill.), U.S. Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM) (Offutt Air Force Base, Neb.).
| s | Answer the questions |
1. Who is the Commander-in-Chief of the US Armed Forces?
2. How are the US Armed Forces organized?
3. What are the US armed services?
4. What are the three military departments in the US?
5. Who exercises the actual command in the three military departments?
6. How are the Secretaries appointed?
7. What is the mission of the USN?
8. What is the organization of the USCG?
9. What is a Unified Combatant Command?
10. What Unified Combatant Commands do you know?
| > | Read, decipher and translate abbreviations |
CINC; USAF; NSC; DOD; USCG; JCS; SN; CNO; USA; USMC; USSOUTHCOM; CSUSAF; SECDEF; DAF; USSOCOM; C-of-S; SA; NCA; CJCS; CSUSA; USN; UCC; USJFCOM; Neb; Ill; Fla; Va; Colo.
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| Translate into Ukrainian |
National Command Authorities; Commander-in-Chief; armed forces; Vice-President; under the US Constitution; to be appointed by the President; to advise and assist the SECDEF; Land Forces; authority and direction flow from the President to the SECDEF; Maritime Forces; recruiting and training; constitutional authority; Aviation Forces; military preparedness; Mobility Forces; Special Operations Forces; Space Forces; Commandant of the Marine Corps; Strategic Nuclear Forces; to increase the authority of commanders; unified combatant commands; with the advice and consent of the Senate; reserves; to be subdivided into arms and services; to equip the forces; to be organized, trained, and equipped for land combat; disaster relief assistance; emergency medical air transportation; to provide professional assistance (to sb); personnel; military space research; direction and control of the Air Force; to be headed by sb; at the DOD level; to be assigned to sb/sth; in times of war or national emergency; to protect the nation's coastline; Under Secretary; Assistant Secretaries; to carry out integrated land, sea, and air operations; to be appointed to a 4-year term; to have coequal status with sb; JCS members; enforcement of maritime law; the protection of life and property at sea; by direction of the President; to serve as part of the USN; a full admiral; Vice-Commandant of the USCG; to coordinate the activities of sb; a vice-admiral; a rear admiral; operational control of the US Armed Forces; to be assigned broad continuing missions; to involve the security of the U.S. and its allies.
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ϳ ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; , ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; , ; ; , ; ; 䳿 ; ; ; ; ᒺ ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; .
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| Translate quickly |
; arm; ; armed forces; ; armed service; ; Joint Forces Command; ; Chairman of the JCS; ; Chief of Naval Operations; ; Chief of Staff; ; Air Force; ; Commandant of the Marine Corps; ; Ministry of Defense; ; CINC; ; ; Continental United States; ᒺ ; defense; ; Department of the Air Force; ; European Command; JCS; ; service; ; National Command Authorities; ; National Security Council; ; Northern Command; ; Secretary of the Air Force; -; Secretary of the Army; ; Secretary of the Navy; Southern Command; ; Strategic Command; ; US Army; ᒺ ; US Air Force; ; US Coast Guard; -; Chief of Naval Operations; ; Chief of Staff; ; Commander-in-Chief; - ; armed service; - ; Continental United States; ; Central Command; ; Commandant of the Marine Corps; ; ; DOD.
| A | Build up your vocabulary |
authority
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constitutional authority
2. ; ()
Authority flows from the President to the SECDEF
3. pl. ()
National Command Authorities ()
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to apply to the authorities
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to have authority ()
approving authority ,
command authority
call-up authority
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(), ³- (), ³- (), (), , 䳿 . , .
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̳ , . CB, , . , ᒺ () . ᒺ , 400 , . . , , .
| O | Translate by ear |
The National Command Authorities[37]
The National Command Authorities (NCA), consisting of the President and the Secretary of Defense, or their authorized alternates, exercise authority over the armed forces through the combatant commanders for those forces assigned to the combatant commands and through the Secretaries of the Military Departments and the Chiefs of the Services for those forces not assigned to the combatant commands.
The ultimate authority for national defense rests with the President. The President is assisted by the National Security Council (NSC), which is the principal forum for the development of national security policy.
The Secretary of Defense is the principal adviser to the President for all matters relating to the Department of Defense and is a member of the NSC. The President and the Secretary of Defense (or their duly authorized alternates or successors) are the NCA, and they alone are vested with the lawful authority to direct the Armed Forces of the United States in the execution of military action, including the movement of forces or the initiation of operations.
In peacetime, the Secretary of Defense issues policy guidance for joint operation planning and reviews joint operation plans with the assistance of the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy. In crisis and war, the Secretary plays a pivotal role in crisis action planning and execution. The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff is the principal military adviser to the NCA.
| Translate in writing |
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| ó | Act as an interpreter |
| , , ? | The new history of the Ukrainian Armed Forces began on December 6, 1991, when the Verkhovna Rada the parliament of Ukraine passed the Law On the Armed Forces of Ukraine. That act created legal basis for the organization of the armed forces of our independent state. |
| ? | The adoption of the Law and, consecutively, a whole package of other important documents on military matters, was crucially important and timely. You know that after the disintegration of the Soviet Union and proclamation of independence in 1991, Ukraine inherited one of the largest military forces in the FSU and Europe. |
| ? | The military arsenal of the force consisted of 6500 tanks, over 7000 armored combat vehicles, nearly 1500 combat aircraft, more than 1600 ICBM warheads. The military personnel totaled to 780,000 men. |
| ̳ ? | Maintenance of the mammoth military force, which was created to conduct strategic offensive operations, ran counter to the peaceful foreign policy of the young Ukrainian state. Ukraine declared non-alliance status and its military doctrine was and is purely defensive. Hence, the first urgent task of the Ukrainian MOD was to optimize the organizational structure of the armed forces and other military formations, arrange the location of units according to new realities, adopt programs for the Armed Forces development. |
| ? | The decision of Ukraine on non-nuclear status and unilateral neutralization of its nuclear arsenal became unprecedented. Simultaneously, the conventional weapons were reduced too. These activities were conducted openly, in accordance with international treaties and under the international verification. Thus, as far back as November 1995, Ukraine fulfilled its obligations and brought its armaments and equipment down to border limits as specified in the CFE Treaty. |
