The largest modern regional alliances for collective securityare the EU, OSCE, NATO, WEU, OAU, and OAS.
The members of the European Union (EU) cooperate in three areas, often referred to as pillars. At the heart of this system is the EC pillar with its supranational functions and its governing institutions. The EC pillar is flanked by two pillars based on intergovernmental cooperation: Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and Justice and Home Affairs (JHA). These two pillars are a result of the Maastricht agreement to develop closer cooperation in these areas. However, because the members were unwilling to cede authority to supranational institutions, policy decisions in these pillars are made by unanimous cooperation between members and cannot be enforced. For the most part, the governing institutions of the EC pillar have little or no input in the other two.
The Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), formerly known as the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE), is a multinational forum for the promotion of peace, security, justice, and cooperation in Europe. The OSCE takes an active role in Europe, not only discussing problems, but also organizing missions and helping to resolve violence throughout Europe. The OSCE major permanent bodies are: the Secretariat (in Prague, the Czech Republic), the Conflict-Resolution Centre (in Vienna, Austria), and the Election-Monitoring Office (in Warsaw, Poland).
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is a regional defense alliance, created by the North Atlantic Treaty that was signed on April 4, 1949. The original signatories were Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, the United Kingdom, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, and the United States. Greece and Turkey were admitted to the alliance in 1952, West Germany in 1955, and Spain in 1982. In 1990 the newly unified Germany replaced West Germany as a NATO member. Hungary, Poland, and the Czech Republic became members of NATO in 1999. The organization has its headquarters in Brussels, Belgium. NATOs purpose is to enhance the stability, well-being, and freedom of its members through a system of collective security. That is, members of the alliance agree to defend one another from attack by other nations. Over the years the existence of NATO has led to closer ties among its members and to a growing community of interests. The treaty itself has provided a model for other collective security agreements.
| s | Answer the questions |
2. What is collective security?
3. What are the principles of collective security?
4. What is the relationship between the collective, regional, and international security?
5. What actors of collective security do you know?
| > | Read, decipher and translate abbreviations |
NGO; UN; UNSC; GA; EC; NATO; OAU; OAS; OSCE; WEU; CFSP; JHA
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| Translate into Ukrainian |
To defend each other against aggressors; somewhat; the principles of collective security; the ideology of relative pacifism; early in the 20th century; to use force; in certain circumstances; to use force in certain circumstances; the theory of collective security; to call for sth; supporters/advocates/proponents; readiness; to establish regional and international alliances; peace-loving nations; peace violators; to enforce sanctions; to give impetus to collective security; in modern times; the development of nuclear weapons; the use of nuclear weapons; to be faced with the possibility of total nuclear war; to ban nuclear weapons; nuclear weapons testing; nuclear weapons production; to ban nuclear weapons production and testing; to support all international organizations; an elaborate machinery; to have more elaborate machinery for keeping the peace; a broad and complex topic; relationships with other nations; variables; to be influenced by many variables; international security relations; national leaders; private citizens; to be affected by sth; domestic political events; to be responsible for sth; primarily; to maintain international peace and security; to order enforcement action; the breach of peace; economic sanctions; military measures; to be brought before the Security Council; UN member nations; to participate in the discussion without a vote; to serve nonconsecutive two-year terms.
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Collective security; ; pacifism; ; regional alliances; ; settlement; ; peace-loving nations; ; actors; ᒺ ; nongovernmental organization; ; the United Nations Charter; - ; permanent members; ; the UN Secretary General; ̳ ; ad hoc committee; ; pillar; ; supranational functions; , (, ); headquarters; ; international machinery; ; regional security; ; to make settlements; ; nuclear disarmament; ; collective security actors; ; member nations; ; the International Court of Justice; ; signatory; ; the veto right of the great powers; -.
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| A | Build up your vocabulary |
alliance
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defensive/defense alliance
military alliance
Holy Alliance .
an alliance between states
to make/form/conclude an alliance
to terminate/dissolve/revoke an alliance ,
in alliance with -
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political alliance ᒺ
tribal alliance ᒺ
