In broad terms security is defined as safety from harm. The term has different dimensions in psychology, public safety, information technology, finance, defense and military matters. We will understand security as a condition that results from the establishment and maintenance of protective measures that ensure a state of inviolability from hostile acts or influences[1].
The term security is often synonymous with the term defense , which can also be defined as 1. the protection of something, especially from attack by an enemy; 2. a means or method of defending or protecting[2]. However, militarily, defense means strategy, tactics, and actions for limiting the ability of an opponent to win the battle.
The protective measures against modern threats and challenges can be taken at national level and internationally, which brings about the notions of national and international (collective) security.
National security and defense can be understood as preparedness for military action, protection of resources considered critical to the functioning of a nation to protect a country from attack or subversion.
There are different government agencies concerned with national security, e.g., the National Security Council (NSC), the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) in the United States of America, the Council of National Security and Defense (CNSDU), the Security Service of Ukraine (SSU) in Ukraine.
The NSC, for example, is a governmental body specifically designed to assist the US President in integrating all spheres of national security policy. The President, Vice President, Secretary of State, and Secretary of Defense are statutory members. The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Director of CIA, and the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs serve as advisers. Other officials of the executive branch may attend NSC meetings at the invitation of the President.
Collective security provides for the military defense by means of broad-based alliances among many nations who are pledged to help defend each other against aggressors [3].
The universally recognized international agencies and alliances concerned with collective security issues are: the United Nations (UN), the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), the European Union (EU), the Western European Union (WEU), the Organization of American States (OAS), the Commonwealth of Nations, the Organization of African Unity (OAU) etc.
| s | Answer the questions |
1. What is security?
2. What modern threats and challenges do you know?
3. Do you agree with the statement that it is impossible nowadays to ensure national security at the national level alone?
| > | Read, decipher and translate abbreviations |
us; nsc; cia; fbi; ssu; un; jcs; nato; osce; eu; weu; seato; oas; oau; cnsdu
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| Translate into Ukrainian |
To be defined as sth; safety from harm; defense and military matters; to result from sth; establishment and maintenance of protective measures; to establish and maintain security measures; hostile acts and influences; to be synonymous with sth; to take measures; militarily; at national level and internationally; to win the battle; to bring about sth; the notions of national and collective security; protection of critical resources; government agencies; a governmental body; to assist the President; national security policy; to serve as advisers; the executive branch; officials; to attend NSC meetings; at the invitation of the President; to provide for sth; broad-based alliances; to defend each other against aggressors; universally recognized; international agencies and alliances; collective security issues; the Commonwealth of Nations.
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| Translate into English |
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| Translate quickly |
To serve as advisers; ; CIA; ; to defend each other against aggressors; ; hostile acts and influences; -; safety from harm; ; FBI; ; defense and military matters; ; national security policy; ; to establish and maintain security measures; ; to take measures; ; to assist the President; ; militarily; ; at national level and internationally; ; to win the battle; 㳿; the notions of national and collective security; 䳿 ; protection of critical resources; ; a governmental body; ; government agencies; ; broad-based alliances; ; universally recognized; ; state secretary; ; o; the executive branch; ; international agencies and alliances; ; officials; ; at the invitation of the President; , .
| A | Build up your vocabulary |
Security
system of collective security
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personal security
in security
security treaty
security measures
to live in security
to endanger public security
2. ; ; ; ()
security classification
communication security /
computer security
data security
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security at the halt
security on the march /on the move
security in combat
security against chemicals
