NH4NO3.
NO3 NH4+. NH4+ OH , H+ .
NH4NO3 NO3 + NH4+
= NH4OH
H2O H+ + OH
:
NH4NO3 + H2O NH4OH + HNO3;
:
NH4++ NO3 + H2O NH4OH + H+ + NO3
NH4+ + H2O NH4OH + H+
, , (<7).
ZnSO4.
. 2 , I .
I :
2ZnSO4 + 2H2O (ZnOH)2SO4 + H2SO4
ZnSO4 SO42 + Zn2+
= ZnOH+
H2O H+ + OH
Zn2+ +H2O ZnOH+ + H+
II :
(ZnOH)2SO4 + 2H2O 2Zn(OH)2 + H2SO4
(ZnOH)2SO4 SO42 + 2 ZnOH+
= Zn(OH)2
H2O H+ + OH
ZnOH+ + H2O Zn(OH)2 + H+,
(<7).
, .
, .
, .. , , .
CH3COONH4
CH3COONH4 NH4OH CH3COOH . (.NH4OH =1.8∙10-5; .CH3COOH =1.8∙10-5).
:
CH3COONH4 +H2O NH4OH + CH3COOH
- :
NH4+ + CH3COO + H2O NH4OH + CH3COOH.
- , , (=7).
NH4CN (.HCN =7.2∙10-10; .NH4OH =1.8∙10-5)
NH4CN +H2O NH4OH + HCN
(>7).
,
, , Al2S3.
:
Al2S3 + 6H2O 2Al(OH)3↓+ 3H2S↑
Al3+ + H2O AlOH2++ H+,
- :
S2 + H2O HS + OH
H+, OH, Al(OH)3 H2S.
.
h (%).
h (%) = ∙ 100
|
|
() .
, 22 :
CH3COONa ~ 0,003% (.CH3COOH =1.8∙10-5)
NaCN ~ 5% (.HCN =7.9∙10-10)