.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


:




.

(Jesse Byock)

..(Tradis)

:

Jesse Byock. The Icelandic Althing: Dawn of Parliamentary Democracy. In Heritage and Identity: Shaping the Nations of the North, ed. J. M. Fladmark, pp 1-18. The Heyerdahl Institute and Robert Gordon University. Donhead St. Mary, Shaftesbury: Donhead, 2002, pp. 1-18.

:

- (UCLA [1] 's Cotsen Institute of Archaeology). , , , (Viking Age Iceland, Penguin Books), : , (Medieval Iceland: Society, Sagas, and Power, University of California Press), (Feud in the Icelandic Saga, University of California Press), (Island i Sagatiden, C.A. Reitzel). . ¸ (The Saga of the Volsungs: The Norse Epic of Sigurd the Dragon Slayer, Penguin Classics) (The Saga of King Hrolf Kraki, Penguin Classics). .

XIX . , . , , . , , ? , , , ? , , . , , , , , , , ? , , .

, , , , - . , , , , . , , 930 . - , 1264 , - , .

 

, , . , , , . , . 300- , , , , , , , .

. 850., , , , , , , . , . , , , , [2]. [3]. , -, , , , , , , . , . , , , 600 ( 1 000 ) .

. , . , . - . .

60 landnám ( , c.870-930) , , , , . , , .

 

: .

, , . , . , landnám , (. 930.). , . , , . , , . , . , , , . , .

 

, ( . (Charles Best))

, . , [4], , , (goðar) [5] [6] ( ), . , , . , . , . , . , , , , . 1901. [7]:

, , , , , , , , , -, .

 

, , . , 1122., , 920., - [8] (, Gulaþing) [9]. . , , [10]. . - , , , , . , , , Brjánslækur ( ) Patreksfjörður ( ), . , , , , , , , , , . , , Grágás [11] .

, , , , 930 . , , 36 - (goðord), (goðar), , . , , . . , , , , , , , goði, , (goð), , . 400, , , , [12].





:


: 2016-10-27; !; : 254 |


:

:

, .
==> ...

1561 - | 1442 -


© 2015-2024 lektsii.org - -

: 0.01 .