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had V3 had +

:

I had done = Id done I had not done = I hadnt done

 

Past Perfect , . :

 

) by: by six oclock ,

by that time , by the end of the week ..

We had translated the article by five oclock. .

By the end of the year he had learnt to speak English. -.

 

) , Past Indefinite

We had just reached the station when it began to rain. , .

He suddenly realized that he had left his umbrella in the bus. , .

Past Perfect , ,

before , after

:

After she had finished her housework she turned on the television. , .

I had finished my work before I returned home. , .

 

. 8. . , .

  I, he, she, it we, you, they     had   done the work before   the students came.
I, he, she, it we, you, they had not done the work before the students came.
    Had I, he, she, it we, you, they   done the work before the students came?
  Who had done the work before the students came?
By what time had   I, he, she, it we, you, they     done the work?          
What had I, he, she, it we, you, they   done before the students came?

. 9. Past Perfect. .

1. She had written the report by six oclock. 2. By what time had the meeting been over? 3. I had not finished my work by Monday. 4. When we entered the hall, the performance had already begun. 5. As soon as I saw him I understood that something had happened. 6. I bought a new dictionary because I had lost my old one. 7. I told my friends a new joke which I had heard recently. 8. When I came out into the street I saw that the rain had stopped. 9. On my way home I met a friend of mine whom I had not seen for many years. 10. I didnt recognize him because so many years had passed since we met last.

 

. 10. , , , . Past Perfect. : to see saw seen; to forget forgot forgotten; to spend spent spent; to lose lost lost; to be was/were been.

Model: - Why didnt you watch that film on TV yesterday? (see)

- Because I had seen it before.

1. Why didnt you see Ann when you came to Minsk? (leave) 2. Why didnt you tell him my address? (forget) 3. What did Tom hear about Kates examination? (pass) 4. Why did Fred come home so soon from his holiday? (spend all the money) 5. Why couldnt you get into your flat at once? (lose the key) 6. What did you learn about Bob? (marry) 7. What did he learn about Helen from the letter he received? (be ill for a month).

The Future Perfect Tense

shall / will have V3

Future Perfect , . , , :

1) by (by 5 oclock, by Monday, by the end of the month .);

I shall have translated the text by the end of the week.

.

2) , Present Indefinite, :

I shall have translated the text when you return.

, .

Future Perfect . Future Perfect Present Perfect Present Indefinite:

I shall go to the country after I have passed my exams.

, , .

We shant be able to start at 7 unless it stops raining.

7 , .

 





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