Exercise 4. Make up words with the help of derivational trees. Point out classes to which they belong (N, V, Adj, Adv). Consult an electronic English-Russian dictionary(ABBYY Lingvo Electronic Dictionary) for their meanings.
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Exercise 5. Translate into Russian in writing the following sentences containing the verb operate and its derivatives giving special attention to their shades of meaning and the use of their Russian equivalents.
1. He was operated on for appendicitis.
2. This company operates in several countries.
3. This new law operates in our favour.
4. She knows how to operate a personal computer.
5. The companys overseas operations include banking and
insurance.
6. A set of programs inside a computer that controls the way it works
and helps it to handle other programs is called operating system.
7. The new equipment is not yet fully operational.
8. The head of credit and risk department of the bank decided to put
the recently bought computers into operation without delay.
9. The management board of the company decided to drastically
reduce operating costs.
10. You cant telephone Moscow directly from here, you have to go
through the operator.
Exercise 6. Match the following words and their derivatives in A with the words in B. Translate the resulting word combinations into Russian in writing.
A B
| to govern governmental governing government governor(s) | corrupt the country ones passions party/ board of the central bank board of body/agency/department federal/ local/ national/ central wisely/ skillfully crisis the use of foreign currency principles |
| create creation creator creative | a job/a vacancy confusion thinking ... of this machine abilities |
| supervise supervision supervisory supervising | to relax/ to tighten the housing project instructor body/ council/committee under smbs... |
1
(Present Participle Participle I) (Gerund), . (Active/Passive) (Non-Perfect /Perfect).
The - ing Participle and Gerund (Ving)
| Active | Passive | |
| Non-Perfect | writing | being written |
| Perfect | having written | having been written |
:
1) (adverbial modifier) :
| Solving the problem, I understood that my approach was not strictly scientific. | , , . |
The Present Perfect Participle , -:
|
|
|
| Having published his first book on economics, he began to work for one of the government agencies in Washington. | , . |
2) (attribute) :
| came up to the policeman standing at the comer. | , ( ) . |
(Gerund) (. ):
1) (subject)
| Standing here makes me very tired. Coordinating the country's monetary policy is one of the important functions of the central bank. | To, , . . |
2) (object),
| I like swimming very much. | . |
| Once a customer deposits money in a local bank, it becomes available for further lending. | , . |
3) (adverbial modifier)
| The bank can lend out the remainder of the deposit, further increasing the money supply without any new currency being printed. | , , . |
| By buying large amounts of securities the central bank pumps money into the economy. | , "" . |
, , , , , :
1. "running students" (students who run) (Ving).
B "running shoes" (shoes for running) (Ving).
2. , , :
| He insisted on my being present at the conference. | , . |
| I'll never forget my friend's helping me with my English. | , . |
