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Appendix III

Grammar reference

Unit 1. The active voice

  Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous
Present V1 sell V1 + s sells Do (does)? be (is, am, are) + P1 is (am, are) + selling Is (am, are)? have (has) + P2 have (has) + sold Have (has)? have (has) + been + P1 have (has) + been + selling Have (has)?
Past V2 sold Did? be (was, were) + P1 was (were) + selling Was (were)? had + P2 had + sold Had? had + been + P2 had + been + sold Had?
Future will (shall) + V1 will sell Will (shall)? will (shall) + be + P1 will (shall) + be + selling Will (shall)? will (shall) + have + P2 will (shall) + have + sold   Will (shall)? will (shall) + have + been + P1 will (shall) + have + been + selling Will (shall)?
Future-in-the-past would (should) + V1 would sell Would (should)? would (should) + be + P1 would be sold Would (should)? would (should) + have + P2 would have sold Would (should)? would (should) + have + been + P1 would have been selling Would (should)?

Unit 2. The passive voice

 

  Simple (to be + Participle II) Continuous (to be + being + Participle II) Perfect (to have + been + Participle II)
Present The product is bought. Is the product bought? The product isn't bought. The product is being bought. Is the product being bought? The product isn't being bought. The product has been bought. Has the product been bought? The product hasn't been bought.
Past The product was bought. Was the product bought? The product wasn't bought. The product was being bought. Wasthe product being bought? The product wasn't being bought. The product had been bought. Had the product been bought? The product hadn't been bought.
Future The product will be bought. Will the product be bought? The product won't be bought.     _ The product will have been bought. Willthe product have been bought? The product won't have been bought.




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