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, , . 7-8 , (, 軗background knowledge) , . , .

1, , , , , , . , , ( ). , , , , . .

, . , . 1 , : 1) , , , , , , , ,

1 . . Neubert. Pragmatische Aspekte der Űbersetzung. Beihefte zur Zeitschrift, "Fremdsprachen", II, Leipzig, 1968, SS. 30-31.

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33. , , , , (. 24), , , - . , Massachusetts,Oklahoma, Virginia, Alberta, Manitoba Middlesex, Surrey ., , , , , ( ), , , , .,1 , . , , ( ), . .:

"Where you girls from?" I asked her again "Seattle, Washington " (J. Salinger, The Catcher in the Rye, 10)

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, , . (. , , . XIII)

1 . .. . , . 245

But I found that the profits from junk dealing were less than from stealing boards from the lumberyards on the bank of the Oka River or on the Sands.

, ; , river.

, , , , , . .. (. 150):

It was Friday and soon they'd go out and get drunk. (J. Brain, Room at the Top)

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for dessert you got Brown Betty, which nobody ate (J. Salinger, The Catcher in the Rye, Ch. 5)

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I'm a good Liberal, a man of the eighties.

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, , . . :

There were pills and medicine all over the place and everything smelled like Vicks' Nose Drops. (J. Salinger, The Catcher in the Rye, Ch. 2)

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Vicks , . , .

, , , , , , , , , . . "The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich":

The jubilant Prime Minister faced a large crowd that pressed into Downing Street. After listening to shouts of 'Good old Neville', Chamberlain spoke a few words from a second-storey window in Number 10. (Ch. 12)

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, 22 1941 On the day when Germany attacked Russia, he joined the army.1 , , , ,

1 . . .. ". (., 1971), , .

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We sit down to dinner at a station and she orders, insists on the most expensive things and gives the waiters double tips. (tr. by S. Young)

, , ( ) , . ( : gives the waiters a florin each, , , .)

:

...a 'swept' yard that was never swept where johnson grass and rabbit-tobacco grew in abundance. (H. Lee, To Kill a Mockingbird, I)

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The temperature was an easy ninety, he said, (ib., 18)

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ninety ' '. . , , . , , - , , .

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I could see my mother going in Spaulding's... (J. Salinger, The Catcher in the Rye, 7)

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I lit a cigarette and got all dressed and then I packed these two Gladstones I have, (ib., 7)

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You'd better go to Asaf-the-Recluse at the abbey, my good woman.

, , , , , . :

The British people are still profoundly divided on the issue of joining Europe. ( )

, Europe; , , 1973 ., joining Europe . , :

.

, , ., , , . , : ?. , : "Buckle's 'History of Civilization' is better known in Russia than here. To have read it is a sort of cachet of popular erudition". . , , 31.

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, , . , , . , , XVIII-XIX . .

XIX . , ( , , , , , .,).1 , 25; , , . , , , , , , , .1

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a woman who had an evil spirit in herthat had kept her sick for eighteen years. (Luke, 13:11) Then Satan went into Judas. (Luke, 22:3) a woman who for eighteen years had been ill from some psychological cause. Then a diabolical plancame into the mind of Judas.

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, , , . : .

: lady - , speaker - , tribalism - , Churchill - , Liverpool - .. . Heath , [h] ['], [i:]- [], [9] - [].

: table-s - -, back-bencher - --, strict-ness - - .. . , , ().

: he came home - , I looked at her - , my brother lives in Moscow - . . :

The Industrial Revolution brought into being the industrial

proletariat and with it the fight for civil and political

rights, trade-unions and the right to vote.

, - .

, , , . , .

: to take part - , to spill the beans - , to come to the wrong shop - . , , .

: Keep off the grass - , There's a good boy! - !, Will you leave a message?- ?. , . .

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, But he'will meet her : (- ). -- (Give me some bread - ) - (The delegation had been received by the prime-minister. - -.).

, , , . (to go, to leave, to be, to have, to come - , , ,, ..), (to fly, to slip away, to stand, to possess, to burst in-, , , , ). , , , , . to be , , , ., to go - , , , . .

Already the policy of international money-lenders is beginning to get the inevitable answer from the Latin American peoples.

. (. answer - .)

My feelings then would have been even stronger had I known that Karl Stock was to be burnt in the incinerators of Majdanek.

, , -. (. feelings - .)





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