.


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, , , , . . , , . , , , . .

(. 3):

 

 


2, 3, 4, 6 1, 5 ; 7 q = 250 (. 3);

7 q = 700 , , 2, 5 6 (. 3 );

2 6 7 q= 150 (. 3);

2, 3 4 , 7 q = 150 (. 3).

:

= + G + 2 / u (1)

Pb = Pk + Gtc + 2Pk / u , (2)

, ;

GTC (, , ), ;

u ( );

... .

, , ,

=( + G) / + / u, (3)

G , ;

, = 2, = 4.

, :

: =P(tg tg ) / u, (4)

= tg / u - tg / u, (5)

: - ).

, , , .

, (6): = kGtg / 2, : k -, ℓ; G , , ; , =2 - 4.

, , - , . , : q = v 2 / 2,

v , /; = 1,225 /3 .

, 270 1000 . 26-02668 ( ), :

q = = 700 ;

q = 250 ;

q = 150 - .

:

. = q * i * Si *m, (7)

q - , ;

i- , , :

, < 10      
i 1,0 1,25 1,55 2,1

= 2 - , ;

m , :

m = 1,4;

m = 1;

Si - ,

Si =Fi * ,

F i ; = 0,15 0,2 - , =1).

15 , , .

7. 2. , BM-42-I40 ; 2503 ; d = 127, ℓ = 2300 , 1 q = 260 /; ℓ = 200 , d = 178 , q = 1560 /; = 1,2 /3 = 7,85 /3.

.

(2) . , :

- ,

= 260*2300 + 200*1560 + g*1,2* *(0,1782*200 + 0,1272*2300)/4 = 910352,6

= 0,91 .

- ,

GTC = G + ⅔G = 12700 + ⅔ 10880 = 19953,3

G=12,7 4-140;

G = ℓ * q; ℓ = ℓ* u 45 ; ℓ = 40 = ; u = 8- ; q = 34 / ( d = 28 ). : G = 40*8*34=10880 .

- . . . = 1 0,02*u = 1 0,02*8=0,84

- , :

Pb = Pk + Gtc + 2Pk / u = 910000 + 19953 + 2*91000/8*0,84 = 957036,3;

Pb = 0,95 .

8. 3. , , , , : 3 7 ; h = 45 .

:

- (4):

=P(tg tg ) / u

= 0,91 = 910 , u = 8 (. ). , :

= 910(7/45 3/45) / 8 = 10,12

- (5), :

= tg / u - tg / u.

= 910 * (7/45) / 8*0,84 910*0,84(3/45)/8 = 14,69.

9. 4. , -42-140. q = 700 , h=45 , h1 = 10 , h = 5 , h = 24 4 ; .

.

(7)

. = q * i * Si *m, (7)

q - , ;

i- , , :

, < 10      
i 1,0 1,25 1,55 2,1

= 2 - , ;

m , : m = 1,4; m = 1;

Si - , Si =Fi * ,

F i ; = 0,15 0,2 - , =1).

: S1 = 100 2, S2 = 80 2, S3 = 20 2, S4 = 54 2; ; 1 = 3 = 1; 2 = 4 = 0,15; 1 = 1,2; 2 = 1,4; 3 = 1,45; 4 = 1,8; m2 = 1,4; m4 = 1,0 ( ).

, :

.1 = q * 1 * S1 *m = 700*1,2*2*100 = 168;

.2 = q * 2 * S2 *m = 700*1,4*2*0,15*1,4*80 = 33;

.3 = q * 3 * S3 *m = 700*1,45*2*20 = 40;

.4 = q * 4 * S4 *m = 700*1,8*2*0,15*1*54 = 20.

, , :

. = 168 + 33 + 40 + 20 = 261.

10. ( )

- , BM-42-I40 ;

- ,

- ,

:


 

, ,
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
. 1. . 2. ( ).

2, 3, 4.





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