1. The bytes are handled usually in standard groups are called bits.
2. There are two basic types of information or words.
3. An instruction to the machine is expressed as a command.
4. An instruction consists of a verb and adjective.
5. An address is the name of the particular memory location or cell.
6. Reasonable operations are mathematical and arithmetical.
7. Arithmetical operations include comparing, selecting, sorting.
8. Logical operations include addition, subtraction, division.
Ex. 13 Answer the following questions:
1. What is information?
2. What does a set of marks consist of?
3. What is one of the ways of storing information in a computer?
4. What is a byte?
5. What is a bit?
6. What is an instruction?
7. What are machine words?
8.What are addresses?
9. What are reasonable operations? 1
10. What do logical operations include?
V. Oral practice
Ex. 14. Describe types of operations: their differences and usage.
Ex. 15 Make up the plan of the text.
Ex. 16 Speak about Information, machine, words and instructions using the plan
V. Reading and comprehension.
Ex. 17 Read the text without a dictionary for 7 minutes and speak about the role of computers in everyday life.
Computers in our life
1. Computers are the future whether we like it or not. Some people dislike computers, because of the complications it takes to understand the basics. Computers are not exactly the easiest tools to work with, but they are our future. Future cars will all be run by computer. You will be able to talk to a car and it will take you to your destination. Telephones are technically computerized. You will soon be able to talk to a person on the telephone as well as look at the person you are talking to on a television set. Also television is computerized. Soon we will be able to watch television like we never have watched it before. We will be able to touch the characters, and feel the characters like they were in the room with you. For people who don't know much about computers, you will be lost in the future. You should learn what you can while you still have the chance, because things will develop too quickly for you and you will not be able to cope with new technological events. Computers will fall into careers and our everyday life more rapidly then you think.
2. Computers play a very important part in our life. They help people in their work and studies. They save us a lot of time. Computers give access to a lot of information. It is possible to find data and descriptions, chapters from necessary books, to make a long story short, everything you need.
3. Computers have been around for about fifty years or so. ENIAC, the first great electronic computer, was built in the 1940th; it was the size of a large house, was limited in power and was unreliable. But computers developed quickly. Today computers sit comfortably on our desks and have much more power than those original machines. In the last ten years or so, most large businesses have become completely dependent on computers for storing and looking at information, for writing and for calculating financial and mathematical information.
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3. Computers within a single office or building may be connected, and they therefore form a network. Users of computers on a network can send messages to each other. In many offices and organizations computer messages have replaced messages written on paper, and they are now called e-mail or electronic mail. E-mail is not only fast and easy (if you understand how to use the computer), but it also saves paper and the work of moving paper from one place to another. Workers can send and receive e-mail without leaving their desks and their desktop computers.
4. One way computers help us is in our lives. We use the computer to communicate with people such as web conferencing with friends who are overseas, to find information about a particular topic, or even to do something as simple as sending an email or digital cards to friends and loved ones.
5. The computer has also managed to change us from reading hard copies of books, magazines and newspapers, to reading online digital documents such as online newspaper articles and e-books.
6. There are some disadvantages, of course. Computer can get viruses. Sometimes the wrong people can make use of the information available in the wrong way. A digital document can be created and changed by anyone, this leads to the problem. It is dangerous in the working environment, because anyone can change a contract or agreement after it has been signed and used it against the other party. Another problem would be if one deletes the document.
Notes:
Destination
give access
unreliable.-
available-
delete -
Ex.18 Discussion points
1. The role of computers in the technical progress.
2. The help of the computer in everyday life.
3. The disadvantages of the computers
Unit 4
The main parts of the computers system
I. Language
