1. H2SO4 ).SO4, ). 2SO4.
2. Fe(OH)3 c c , : ) Fe(OH)21, ) Fe(OH)12, ) Fe13. Fe(OH)3 .
3. ) (3)2, ) AlOHCl2. 1 .
4. H2SO4 ; , , H2SO4 NaOH .
5. KNO3, CuSO4, FeCl3 , , .
6. Cr2(SO4)3, ()2, NaOH , , .
7. Al(OH)3 ,
Al(OH)3 + Hcl Al(OH)2Cl + H2O
Al(OH)3 + 3HNO3 Al(NO3)3 + 3H2O.
1. Al2(SO4)3 c NaOH:
Al2(SO4)3 + 6NaOH 2Al(OH)3¯ + 3Na2SO4.
2. KAl(SO4)2 :
KAl(SO4)2 + 3KOH Al(OH)3 +K2SO4.
10. ()2
()2+1 1 + 2,
()2 + 21 12 + 22.
11. C , NaNO3, NaHSO4, NaH2PO4. , .
12. , 1; 1/2.
13. 2 NaOH: ) Na3, ) Na23.
14. KHSO4
KHSO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 + Kcl + Hcl.
15. Cu(OH)Cl
Cu(OH)Cl + H2S CuS + Hcl + H2O.
( , ) - ( ), - .
- (m) (m):
w = m /m.
w , w % = w × 100 %. , , .
mp, (r, /) (V, )
m = V×r,
w= m/(r×V).
, m= m+ m, m - ,
w = m /(m+ m).
: - r V. , , .
1
750 10 % - , r 1,063 /?
|
|
mHCl = r×V×(w %/ 100%) = 1,063 / × 750 × (10/100) = 79,7 .
2
1 250 2 10 % - 1?
:
1. 250 2 90 % , 1 - 10 %,
250 - 90
- 10,
=250×10/90=27,7 .
2. w = m /(m+ m), . . 0,1=m/(250+m), m = 27,7.
3
450 50 CuSO4×5H2O. .
500 .
500 - 100 %
50 - %,
= (50 × 100 %) / 500 = 10 %=w(CuSO4×5H2O)%.
CuSO4×5H2O (CuSO4)+5×M(H2O)= =160+5×18=250 /, CuSO4 - 160 /. , CuSO4 CuSO4×5H2O 160/250=0,64, uSO4 50 CuSO4×5H2O 50×0,64=32 , CuSO4 w(CuSO4)%=(32 /500 )×100 % = 6,4 %.
(, ) - (n, ) (V, ), :
= n/V.
, . , 3 1 , 3 1, .. = 3 /.
(, ) - (n, , ) , :
= n/V.
, ( N) . , 2 H2SO4 , 2 H2SO4, .. (2SO4)= 2/.