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28. for, but




1. Every designer should be responsible for the good and long service of his device. 2. Everything was ready for the research to begin. 3. All but one workshop were renovated. 4. Software can represent 75 percent or more of the total cost of a particular information system for three major reasons: advances in hardware technology have dramatically reduced hardware costs, increasingly complex software requires more time to develop and so is more costly, and salaries for software developers have increased because, over the long term, the demand for these workers far exceeds the supply. 5. Margin settings are usually (but not necessarily) document-wide.6. I, for one, hope you dont get the job. 7. No man is so old but that he may learn. 8. The machine would have broken down but that the operator stopped it.

Before, until

before ( ) , , , , :

Before reaching the town the truck turned into a narrow road which led to the mountains. , , .
To prevent damage, discharge static electricity from your body before you touch any of your computers electronic components, such as a memory module. , , , .
That compressed air is found to be one of the most uneconomical forms of energy was known before. To, , .

before:

before long ;
long before
shortly before

until ( ) , , , . until , :

When the alarm was raised, the employees had had no time to get up-stairs and take their things until all was settled. , .

29.

1. Before an individual, a group, or an enterprise decides on the best approach for acquiring application software, goals and needs should be analyzed carefully. 2. We recommend setting the font, font size, line spacing and margins before typing a document. 3. Most software bugs arise because manufacturers release new software as early as possible instead of waiting until all bugs are identified and removed. 4. Test before committing to shading choices.

After

(-.) :

after/on the expiry (of), at the end of, after a lapse of time, as time passes

, :

It is my duty, after all. .
Why not? After all, we are old enough. ? , .

:

to call after smb. -.
to rush/dash after smb.

:

It was necessary to repeat everything after the test had failed. , .

after:

after all
after a while
after the manner
shortly after ;

Since

, , , , Present perfect Present perfect progressive:

Ive known him since 2002. 2002- .
Hes been learning statistics for two years. .

( ; ):

Since hard drives main role is to serve as a long-term data store, capacity is a big plus. , .
Since one or more applications in a suite may not be as desirable as the others, some people still prefer to buy separate packages. , , .  

( ), :

Since 1933 a procedure for estimating the final settlement of a building on clay has been available. 1933 . .
Whether they have been used continuously since then is not known. , .

Only

:

I saw him only yesterday. .
It is only two oclock now. .
only by chance
if only
Only metals can be used over and over again. .

(-, -):

It is the only thing to do. .
The only reasonable course is to provide preventive measures such as regions in a structure, allowing for inspection and repair. , , .

Yet

yet , . yet ( ), , .

Those who have not yet registered should do so at once. , , .
When the new plant will be completed is not yet known. , .
The soil was carefully fertilized, yet the saplings became withered. , .

:

So near and yet so far. , .
She affirms it, yet he doubts it. , .

Either

either , , , . . :

A company can either develop a one-of-a-kind program for a specific application or purchase and use an existing software program. , .

, :

The amount of energy did not change either. .




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