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:




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, ,




(ANCOVA- ).

ANCOVA - , :

y = α + β 1 x + β 2 d + ε. (4.40)

, , y , x , d , . .

:

M (x, d = 0) = α + β 1 x + β 2 0 = α + β 1 x . (4.41)

M (x, d = 1) = α + β 1 x + β 2 1 = (α + β 2) + β 1 x . (4.42)

. β 1. (4.41), (4.42) β 2. t - α (α + β 2), , . , , , . , β 2 > 0 , β 2 < 0 .

, . , ? ,

y = α + β 1 x + β 2 d 1 + β 3 d 2+ ε. (4.43)

d 1 d 2 : d 2 = 1 d 1. , β 2 β 3 . (4.40). , :

, ( - 1) .

, .

. . , (4.40) , :

β 1 .

, d = 0, . , .

β 1 (4.40) , . . , , , .

, , . , , , , : , . , . , :

y = α + β 1 x + β 2 d 1 + β 3 d 2+ ε. (4.44)

y - . x - .

, .

:

M (x, d 1 = 0, d 2 = 0) = α + β 1 x. (4.45)

:

M (x, d 1 = 1, d 2 = 0) = α + β 1 x + β 21 + β 30 = (α + β 2) + β 1 x. (4.46)

:

M (x, d 1 = 1, d 2 = 1) = α + β 1 x + β 21 + β 31 = (α + β 2 + β 3) + β 1 x. (4.47)

β 2, β 3 . . (4.44) β 2, β 3 t -. , , .





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