In Great Britain physicians are trained in medical schools or faculties of universities.
To enter a medical school in Great Britain the candidates must pass entrance examinations in oral form. Tuition is charged. Most students receive financial assistance in the form of grants.
The academic year is divided into 3 terms each of 10-11-week duration.
Two pre-clinical years are occupied by Human Anatomy, Biology, Physiology, Biochemistry and other subjects.
Students attend lectures, do dissections and practical work in labs.
Beginning from the third year, students study the methods of clinical examinations and history taking; they have practical training in teaching hospitals. Besides the work in the wards the students attend lectures and study clinical subjects.
After passing the finals the students are given the degree of Bachelor of Medicine (B.M.) or Bachelor of Surgery (B.S.). Besides these degrees there is the degree of Doctor of Medicine (D.M.). This degree is a post graduate qualification obtained by a thesis.
Exercises
1. , , .
2. .
1. Where are doctors trained in G.B.?
2. What examinations is it necessary to pass?
3. Is education in G.B. charged?
4. How many terms has the academic year?
5. What subjects do the students study?
6. What degrees are given to students in G.B. after passing the finals?
3. , .
Dialogue
1. . .
1. Question: Look, I told my parents that Id like to become a doctor. They advised me to go to Russia. Medical education in Great Britain costs a lot of money. And what about your country?
1. Answer: .
2. Question: What subjects shall we study in the first two years?
2. Answer: .
3. Question: What about the clinical subjects?
3. Answer: .
4. Question: Shall we take examinations every year?
4. Answer: .
5. Question: Where do the students have medical practice?
5. Answer: .
6. Question: When shall we begin our specialization?
6. Answer: .
7. Question: When do the graduates receive their diploma?
7. Answer: .
8. Question: Where do foreign students live?
8. Answer: .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. ( ).
5. .
6. .
4.
TRAVELLING
1. :
1. ancient
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2. art
3. nothing
4. bath
5. hour
6. through
7. luggage
8. quickly
9. advantage
10. berth
11. picturesque
12. that is why
2. . :
1. ancient towns
2. means of transport
3. as quickly as possible
4. to book in advan
5. single ticket
6. return ticket
7. to go through the Customs
8. to fasten seat belts
9. advantage
10. It's not boring
11. upper berth
12. gate
13. checking-in
14. you are required
15. to announce
16. delay on the flight
17. to see off
18. long distance train
19. compartment
20. carriage
21. to get out
22. to carry luggage
23. to change the train
3. . :
TRAVELLING
Millions of people all over the world spend their holidays travelling. They travel to see other countries, modern cities or the ruins of ancient towns.
Some people like to go to a big city and spend their time visiting museums and art galleries, other people prefer a quiet holiday by the sea or in the mountains.
There are various means of transport. If you want to get somewhere as quickly as possible, the best way is to travel by plane. It gives you comfort and saves your time. It's better to book tickets in advance. You may book a single, return or open return ticket. When booking a ticket you should mention what class you are going to travel: first, business or economy class. Keep in mind, you have to come to the airport one and a half hour before the flight. Before boarding the plane you should check-in (register) your luggage at a check-in desk. Here you are required to have your luggage weighed and a clerk attaches a special tag to it. There is no need to worry about your luggage any longer.
Then you must go through the security check, passport and Customs control (when you go abroad). Now you may go to the gate, where your flight is boarding.
It often happens that a delay on a flight is announced. In this case you have to wait till you hear the announcement that your flight is boarding.
When the plane is taking off, the passengers fasten their seat belts and listen to the information about the flight. An air-hostess (stewardess) offers you mineral water, juice, or something to eat. You may look down on the earth. Its like a geographical map. The time passes quickly. The plane usually arrives at the airport on time.
Travelling by railway is slower than by plane but it has its advantages. You can see the countryside around you, read books or magazines, play chess or cards. It's not boring if you have good companions in the compartment. I'm fond of travelling by fast long-distance train. It has got a lot of carriages, a dining-car, and a luggage van. I prefer an upper berth. When the train goes out, I say Good bye to my friends and relatives who usually come to see me off. When the train comes in, I get out and ask the porter to carry my luggage. Im not tired after a long journey by train.
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Travelling by car and hitch-hiking are the cheapest and most popular ways of travelling.
As for me I like to spend my days off in the country, closer to nature. I can drive a car and enjoy picturesque places with forests, lakes and rivers. I am fond of fishing and hunting thats why I walk a lot. In summer we often go camping. I think it is a very useful thing for my health.
Exercises
1. .
1. Do many people spend their holidays travelling?
2. What means of transport do you know?
3. Do you often go camping?
4. To what places do you usually go?
5. Have you ever travelled by air?
6. What are the advantages of travelling by plane?
7. When did you travel by train?
8. Do you prefer a lower or an upper berth in the compartment?
9. Was your last journey pleasant?
2. , , :
1. My friend is fond of hiking. (who)
2. He often goes camping in spring and summer. (when)
3. Last year during my winter vacation I travelled by train. (when, how)
4. I look forward to seeing many interesting places. (who, what)
5. We had an opportunity to visit many interesting places last year. (who, what)
6. We spent five days in Riga. (how many)
3. :
1. You may take a single, return or ticket.
2. You may travel by or economy class.
3. Before boarding the plane you are required your luggage at a desk.
4. There is no need about your luggage.
5. is the cheapest way of travelling.
6. Some people prefer to take berth.
7. I am fond of and .
8. I can drive .
9. I think is a very useful thing for peoples health.
10. The plane usually arrives at the airport .
1. . :
1. cockney ()
2. darkness
3. slap ,
4. to emerge
5. a bleeding nose
6. a swollen eye
7. to hit
8. to play a trick -
9. the back of the hand
2. . .
What Happened While the Train Was in the Tunnel?
In the compartment of a train travelling through the countryside, there were four people a young girl, an old lady, an army officer and a young cockney. Suddenly the train went into a tunnel: for half a minute the carriage was in complete darkness and in the darkness came the sound of a large kiss followed almost immediately by a loud slap.
When the train emerged and it was light again, everybody saw the officer with a bleeding nose and a swollen eye. The old lady thought that the young girl hit the officer for stealing a kiss.
The young girl thought it was strange that the officer kissed the old lady and not her. The poor officer thought that the cockney kissed the girl and the girl hit him. And the cockney laughed silently at the trick he had played. Im a clever chap, he thought to himself. I kissed the back of my hand, hit the officer in the face and nobody said a word.
3. , :
1. Which of the following is not true?
a) Both the kiss and the slap were in complete darkness.
b) As soon as the train left the tunnel there was a kiss and then a slap.
c) The kiss was followed by the slap.
d) The slap followed the kiss.
2. What actually happened in the tunnel?
a) The young lady hit the officer because he dared to kiss her.
b) The officer kissed the old lady and she hit him.
c) The cockney kissed the girl and the girl hit the officer.
d) The cockney kissed the back of his hand and hit the officer in the face.
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3. Why did the cockney hit the officer?
a) He hated officers.
b) He wanted to kill the officer.
c) 
accidentally hit the officer.
d) He wanted to play a joke.
4. How did the four passengers react to what happened in the tunnel?
a) Everybody except the cockney was at a loss they didn't really know what had happened.
b) Nobody noticed it.
c) There was a scandal as soon as the train emerged out of the tunnel.
d) Everybody liked the situation.
5. Who was surprised at the thought that the officer kissed the old lady?
a) The cockney.
b) The old lady.
c) The young lady.
d) Everybody.
The Dialogues
1. . :
In the plane
Stewardess: May I have your seat number? Its given in your boarding pass.
Passenger: Here you are.
Stewardess: This way, please. Your seat is over there third row on the right, next to the porthole. You may put your hat and raincoat on the rack.
Stewardess: (to passengers) Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seatbelts and refrain from smoking.
(Some hours later)
Stewardess: How are you? Quite comfortable? Enjoying the flight?
Passenger: Yes, thanks. When do we get to London?
Stewardess: We should touch down shortly after 3, very soon.
At the booking office
- I want a ticket to Moscow, please. Which train must I take?
- If I were you, I should take the 9 a.m. train.
- Do I have to change anywhere?
- No, no change, its a through train.
- Thank you. A ticket to Moscow, please.
- Here it is.
2. :
1. Whats it? ?
2. Im a stranger here
3. Im completely lost
4. Can you direct me to?
5. How can I get to?
6. Could I get there by bus? ()
?
7. Youd better ask a policeman o
8. Youd better take
9. Keep straight on
10. Go straight along this road
11. Go past (the church) ()
12. Take this road
13. Take the next turning
14. Take this bus
15. Go straight across the square
16. Turn (to the) right (left) ()
17. Get on ( )
18. Get off
19. Fares, please! !
20. Do you think Ill make it? , ?
21. How long will it take? ?
22. Itll take you some (10) minutes o (10)
23. Its within walking distance
24. You dont have to change
3. . .
In the street
Foreigner: Excuse me
Londoner: Yes, whats it?
F.: Im a stranger here and Im completely lost. Could you please tell me the way to the Paddington Railway Station?
L.: Im going in that direction myself. So I might show you the way.
F.: Oh, dont bother Just explain me the nearest way there, please.
L.: Well, then you must go down this street, and turn right at the second corner.
F.: Can I see the station from there?
L.: Yes, you can. Its that large three-storied building right across the square.
F.: Thank you so much. Im sure Ill find it now.
Asking the way
Foreigner: Could you tell me the way to the Paddington Station, please? The underground station, I mean.
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Passer-by: Yes, certainly. Go straight along this road, past the traffic lights and the church
F.: Yes.
P.: And then turn to the right, and keep straight on until you come to more traffic lights
F.: Yes.
P.: Turn left there, and youll see the station a little way along on the right hand side of the road.
F.: I see. I go straight along this road, past the church and the traffic lights.
P.: Yes.
F.: And then I turn to the right, I think you said?
P.: Yes, thats it. And after that you take the next turning to the left.
F.: Is it very far?
P.: No, not really. Its about a ten minutes walk from here.
F.: Oh, dear. Could I get there by bus?
P.: Yes, but in this case you must go back a little way. Keep on this side of the road until you come to the bus stop. All the buses from there pass the station.
F.: Thank you very much.
4. :
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