= I e 
(6)
.. I .
P = I U (7)
(8) U = IR = e - Ir (9),
P = I e - I2 r (10)
, P I .
:
1) R = ¥;
2) 0 < R < ¥;
3) R = 0.
P I = 0 ( 1) I = 
/r ( 3). ,
. I * P/I = 0:
I* = 
= 
(11)
Pmax = 
(12)
(8) (11), , R = r (13).
(9)
h= 
= 
= 1 - 
I (14)
r 
I , 
= 1 I = 0 = 0 .
.4.
I -
, 1 2 .
, R -
,
, -
.
; 
P.4
- : R 1 R 2, V .
1. . R 1 R2, . "" "" .
2. .
3. ( ) . : , . < >.
4. U I , R = 
R = 0.
15.
5. , , , R .
6. , , .
7. r. , (13).
1. , .
2. ? ?
3. ?
|
|
|
? ?
4. ? ?
5. ? ?
6. ?
?
?
: [2. 31,33-35; 3. 5.2;6.8]
