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1. г (뺺 - )
PV = mRT
, (), =
V, m ᒺ .
, :
- , / . , /3, / . ;
- q, /, /;
- l, /, /;
- V, /, /;
- , /, /;
- s, /, / . ;
- r, /, /;
- Q, /, /3, /, /3.
1 , 1 3 , .
() , 1 ( ), 1 3 (ᒺ ) 1 t1 t2. , , υ, .
m ()
q , 1 , /.
ᒺ V, 3, q', 1 3
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ᒺ (V) ,
, ρ , /3.
ϳ , Q1, , , Q2.
Q1 = Q2; Q1 Q2 = 0
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ʳ , , Q.
, 3, Q, , - .
η .
L , ,
L = m . l,
㳿 t
, /
t , ,
υ , / .
, 㳿 V 㳿, V
i = V + pV =V + RT
, /
,
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/ .
.
, .
ᒺ .
m1, , m
g1 = m1/m, g2 = m2/m, gn = mn/m
∑gi = 1
ᒺ ᒺ , V1, ᒺ V
r1 = V1/V, r2 = V/2/V, rn = Vn/V
∑ri = 1
ᒺ . , ( )
ᒺ
1
___________ , ᒺ V= ____ 3, . ______0. _______ , . ______0. .
(뺺 ) ᒺ V= ____ 3
PnV = mn RTn; PkV = mk RTk;
mn, mk .
mn = PnV / RTn; mk = PkV / mk RTk
=
R
³_____________________
2
________ _________ , _______0 _______ ( ).
760 ... (0,101 ).
뺺
PV = mRT
,
= + =
V ' 3
= t + 273,15 =
1 ( )
m
³__________________
3
2 = _______% N2 = __________%. , ᒺ = _________.
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μ .
ᒺ :
ᒺ
ᒺ
μ .
ᒺ
³__________________
4
q = ________ / t1 = __________ 0C, t1' = __________ 0C. ﳿ.
ﳿ , :
q
t1, t1' ,
³__________________
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2. ? ?
3. ?
4. ?
5. ?
6. ᒺ ?
7.
______
______
______
______
____________________
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5. .
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:
( , ᒺ V );
(ﳿ i, ∆S, u q, 㳿 ∆U);
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:
- ᒺ V = const;
- P = const;
- T = const;
- dq = 0, ,
- , ,
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n - , .
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