l, d1 u d2, t' t" , t' > t" .
l :
1
.
Fcp = πdcpl
, 
. 
, .
.
1
ta t :
ta = t'cm qlRl; t = t'cm ql (Ri1 + Ri2)
t = t"cm + qlRl3; t = t"cm + ql (R13 + R12)
1
fcp = πdcp
1
1 2 (λ = 0,2 / . . ) , :
t' = + 0 t" = 0
λ , 
S ,
t' , 0
t" , 0
,
F , 2
q = 
³ __________________________
2
(λ = 50 ) (λ = 0,1 ) , (λ = 1,5 ) . q = 
:
) ;
) ;
) .
1. :
s1 ,
λ1 ,
s2 ,
λ2 ,
s3 ,
λ3 ,
R = ∑R = R1 + R2 + R3 =
|
|
|
2.
∑s = s1 + s2 + s3 =,
3.
∆t = t' t" = qR =
q = ,
R .
³ ________________
3
(λ = 40 ) d1 = 124 , d2 = 100 (λ = 0,16 ) . _________ ________0.
1 .
) .
1
λ1 ,
d1 ,
d2 ,
λ2 ,
d3 , (d3 = d1 + 2s, s ).
1
R = R1 + R2 =
( ),
∆t , .
) .
s = .
- ,
1 ,
fcp = πdcp =
( ),
λ2 ,
s
∆t
³ __________________
______
______
______
______
_____________________
1
1
30 , ᒺ V= 2 3, . + 270. 10 , . 17 0. .
PnV = mn RTn; PkV = mk RTk;
mn = PnV / RTn; mk = PkV / mk RTk
= 
2
100 200 , 27 0 16 ( ). 760 ... (0,101 ).
= + = 16 + 0,101 = 16,101
' 
3
= t + 273,15 = 27 + 273,15 = 300,15 0.
1 ( )
3
Q2 = 23,2%, N2 = 76,8 %. , ᒺ = 1 . 105 .
287 / .
ᒺ :
4
q = 32000 / t1 = 1900 0C, t1' = 500 0C. ﳿ.
2
|
|
|
1
40 . t = 27 = 10 .
, 30 .
ʳ
PV = mRT
R
V '
P = 10 = 10 
= 27 + 273 = 300
287 
V = 40 . 10-3 = 0,04 3
, ᒺ.
ʳ , m
q = mCV (t2 t1)
CV , CV = 0,198 
.
ʳ
P1V1 = RT1, P2V2 = RT2
³ 
2
1100 1 , 300 .
' .
, .
q = m (t2 t1)
q = 0,29 (300 1100) = 232,6 /
" " () , .
3
17 4 . 1 .
L ;
R
287
= 17 0 + 273 = 290
V2, V1 '
L = 
" " , .
1
/
/
" " .
4
36 1800 8 . , .
8
2, 1 ;
V2, V1 ᒺ;
V ᒺ
= 1,4
8,0 1,4 = 18,4
2 = 
= 80,4 = 2,3
2, 1
2 = 
(627 )
L' ,
R .
R = 
= 841627,5 = 841,6
m = 2
5
= 0,9 t = 27 n = 1,3 16 . , .
16
,
2, 1 ;
V2, V1 ᒺ;
= 161,3 = 36,8
2 = 
2, 1
= 160,3 = 2,3
2 = (27 + 273) . 2,3 = 690 (417 )
1 :
" " .
1
q = Cn (t2 t1)
Cn
V ᒺ
n n =1,3
k k = 1,4
Cn = 
|
|
|
" ", , :
q = 
3
1
= 745 . n = 1500 . + 20 .
+ 20 -d = 17,54 . (2333 ). 1500 .
n
t = 20
r = 17,3 /3
φ = 64,29 % 
/3
, ᒺ .
19,4 /3 = 17,3 /3
2
t1 = 20 φ1 = 60 %. d = const t2 = 95 , , t3 = 35 . 1 , , , 500 /, 1 = 50 %, 10 %. d3 3 .
-d t1 = 20 φ1 = 60 %. t1 φ1 d1 = 8,9 /, 1 = 10,2 / = 42,8 /. 1 d = const t2 = 95 2. 1 2 .
-d 2 2 = 28,5 / = 119,8 /.
2 = const t3 = 35 3. 3 -d d3 = 32,8 /, 2 = 3 = 28,5 / = 119,8 /.
2 3 .
1 :
∆d = d3 d1 = 32,8 8,9 = 23,9 /
1
ʳ , ,
Mg
1
2
/
/
ﳿ , .
q = 2 1 = 119,8 42,8 = 77 /
/ = 178,8 .
, Q1-2, , Q, ( ).
Q1-2 = Q
ʳ ,
r 3 , .
|
|
|
/
, , d1 = d2 = 8,9 / d3 = 32,8 /. ³ -d 1-2-3 90 %.
3
, t1 = + 21 , φ1 = 50 %. Q = 30 = 25714 /; 20 / , ; Gn = 30 /, " = 640 /. t = +18 , . φ2, 2 d2 , , 25 .
ε
Q , Q = 25714 /;
Q , , 
, /
Qn ,
, /
³ -d , 1 t2 = +25 . 2, , . 2 -d ; d2 = 13,5 /, φ2 = 56 %, 2 = 13 /.
4
1
= 1,6 t = 200 0.
:
" = 858,3 /
V" = 0,1238 3/ ᒺ
S'
S' =
U = i PV =
2
, , 12 = 0,98.
= 12 + 1 = 13 = 1,2
- ' = 814,5 /;
- r = 1973 /;
- ' = 1 v" = 0,151 3/;
- S' = 2,25 / . .
/ .
/.
ᒺ
3/
/
3
5 . 450 0, 0,7 (). , , +60 0. Q = 37000 /3, 85 %. .
, p=const. ( 1 ) ﳿ .
q = = 3373 60 . 4,19 = 3121,6 /,
-S 450 0, = 3373 /;
60 0 = . t = 251,4 /.
5000 /
15,6 / = 4,33 = 37,1 /.
= 496 3/
, , p=const .
5
1
2
R = ∑R = 0,0041
∆t = t' t" = qR = 10000 0,0041 = 41.
3
|
|
|
R = Rl1 + Rl2 = 0,00085 + 0,825 = 0,826
fcp = πdcp = π 0,193 = 0,606
