(.5.6). 10 20% . . 30 60 20% .. 14% 2- . 56 .
. , . , 6 .
. , 163-98 0,8 8 3 2040 /. 6% (0,081 3).
. 1 50% , 2 35%, 3- 10% .
-50 7,5%, 70% 1 3 . -70 2% .
-50 1 3 5 , , 1,5 . , , , . , .
30-110 / 100 . .
, , , (.5.7). , .. .
. , , , . u 14,0 25 /2 .
( ) , .
- . .
|
|
- . , , , .
. . , , . , .
, . , . , , , .
5.3.
. : .
, , , , . ( 88.1; 66.1; 44.1) (64.1; 42.2 .). .
. .
. , , ..
. . , , .
. .
() . Va Vc (.5.8)
e = (5.4)
.
, . .5.9.
, z, .
a,c,z,b . , i. . . , .
|
|
i, , Vp, , i n / .
(5.5)
: d - .
, , , ( , , ..). , , N.
,
N = Ni - N , (5.6)
h = (5.7)
Ne N . Me n /.
Ne = Me w = Me (5.8)
: M - , ; ω , -1;
ge
ge = , / (5.9)
: G - , /.
, , .5.2.
5.2
, e , , z , hn , g | - - /, | 4-10 0,82,0 36 0,750,85 290350 | 14-17 37 69 0,70,83 234265 |
, .. 2530%, . , , e.
, (.5.3).
5.3
, -1 | , % | NOx, -1 | , /3 | |
10003500 501000 | 0,26 0,050,3 | 4004500 2002000 | 0,05 0,10,3 |
w . NOx ,
rCH = (5.10)
: rCH - , -1; VC - , 3; VCM - , 3.
. , , , . - -, .
(Ne, Me ge) n, /.
Ne = f(n) ( 1 .5.9). , , . , , ( 2).
nmin; nN Ne max nMe max.
Ne Me , 5. nmax nN 10%.
. 5.9 , , ( 1) nMe max nN, , . -740.11 176 (.510).
|
|
Ne max nN. ,
Ne = Ne max (5.11)
: n - , /.
= b = = 1, = 0,53; b = 1,56 = 1,09.
Ne max nN, . , , .. . = 0,88, = 0,85.
. M = f(n) . ( ) .
K = K = (5.12)
n, . , , . , , , .
. = 1,21,4, = 1,051,15. , . , , .
. .5.4.
5.4
Ne max, | nN, / | |||
-130 -508.10 -66 -236 -138 -645 -740 -740.11 | 84,4 |
: ; .
.
, 120. , . 510 . , , . , 35004000 .
. 100-120 . , 50 , 50006000 . .
, . , , . , . , n = 0,7 Nmax. n = 0,75 nN.
|
|
(.5.11) ʻ . , ʻ . , ʻ 15%, .
. , , .
, , ʻ, . (.5.12). 1 , .
. 3 (.5.13) 2. 1. 2 6. .
2 , . 4. 5 .
5.4.
, .
: , , ( ) .
, , , . : , , , ..
, , . :
, ;
;
, .
: , .
, ,
, (5.13)
: n1, n2, z1, z2, d1, d2 - , .
u < 1 u >1 .
, ,
u = u1, u2...un (5.14)
h = (5.15)
: Ne - ; N - ; N - , .
.
η , , , .
, ,
|
|
h = h1 h2 hn, (5.16)
: h1,h2, hn - , .
= u h. (5.17)
, , , .
: () ( ); ( ) ().
.
.5.14. F :
bF = Qf, (5.18)
: b - , ; Q - ; f - .
u2
u2 = xu1, (5.19)
: x - , ; , x = 0,9950,99; u1 - .
i = n1/n2 = d2/d1 x, (5.20)
: n1 n2 - .
.
1,251,5.
0,350,45.
(.5.15) , .
. F
F = z c F 0/, (5.21)
: F0 - ; z - ; c - , ; , = 11,6.
, ..
. . .
. . . .
.
-40/400. .
(). .5.16. 4 . 1 , 2 3 . 5 .
. ( ) (.5.17).
I (.5.17,) -40(131)137; -8-40(55571), -2-40(5301) . (.5.17, ), , -40(43202) .
, . I 1 2, 7, 3, 4 6. 5. , , -68, -1;
II (.5.17, ) -30(530106, -2,5-40(33092), 42. 1 2, 7, 3 4, 6. 5.
III .5.17, . , , , 44. , -30(66)-146 6 1 2, 7, 4, 8, 3.
, , . : ; ; , , , .