, , . (3M // ).
10 , picric . , picric, .
picric .
picric . picric , , , , , . , picric picrate , .
, . - .
, , 20%- . picric , , , , , , .
, , 2-4 .
; , . . , - . 20 %. , , , , . , , . , , . , , , , . , 10-20 ( /, , AP (. ).
, , .
, , . , .
1 Picric Acid/Trinitrophenol ( , )
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Picric, TNP, Lyddite Shimose. TNT, VoD 7480 \ 1.76 g/cm3. briscancy = 1.21
, : Picrate ( D), DDNP Picrate.
- , Picrates, . , . .
:
96 , 300 ,
120 95%- ,
60 ,
,
,
(c. 10),
,
,
250 ,
1L ,
250 ,
500 ,
,
,
,
.
1) , . , , .
2) 150 ( ) 250 , . , , , .
3) 250 . , .
4) , , . evapourate .
5) , .
6) 65*C 250 , , , .
7) , 50*C.
8) , 1 - 2 , . 60*C 70*C. , , CO2, decarboxylation. , . - , , .
9) , roon , 300 , , 1L . Trinitrophenol .
10) , , , 5*C, , . Trinitrophenol, ..
11) , , 100 500 . , , .
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12) , .
13) , .
2 Picric Acid/Trinitrophenol ( , )
picric (2,4,6-trinitrophenol) ingedients.
" II" , , .
, , 40- (), 77- 150 58- = 1: 3,75: 1,9 - : : .
PA (picric ), , " -" . 100 / 37,5 ( , 0,375g - ?), (!) 700 75 . , - : , nitrated & , , , . 8 30- :-(
1. 120 500 50 & microcristalline .
2. 600 60 C (denaturated 1 % butanone) , .
3. / .
4. ( / , ), waterbath 2l steelbowl. 80 .
5. : , .
6. 70 C 30 , . : 56 (60 ) nitration
7. 56- 500 erlenmeyerflask 220 96 %.
8. , . ( . 70 C)
9. 220 56- . , . 330 .
10. - (~400ml) 1000 erlenmeyerflask. NOx 100 , erlenmeyerflask 1000 erlenmeyerflask .
11. 115- () , . 75 . ( - / .)
12. , , . , precipated, . ( AP)
&
13. 1,5l 750- ( ) 250 .
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14. /. , *big* , . - ! - NOx , , .
15. , 20 , 700 , 500 .
16. , , . , . ( , !) : 120 picric .
17. 120 picric 300 , , 25 C (, , , 10 C ...), , .
&
18. PA 80 C, . ( . 75 C), 120 .
19. PA 44 . ? , 76- ??? , ??? 25 C, , 10 C ...
-
20. 4,4- 2,2- (peroleum ) , PA ( KIPE II, ). , , . .
21. 50- 2- AP. , , . , .
3 Picric Acid/Trinitrophenol ( , )
Ledgard.pdf
Picric - -, 123 . 300 C. , . Picric , DNP. Picric 10%- , . Picric .
VOD: 7400
:
:
: ,
:
:
( ):
:
50
350 95%-
350 98%-
115 95
: , picric , . , picric , , .
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: , 98%- , . 95%- , .
: 50 , 350 95%- (: 50 100, 500 , 350 95%- ). , , , ( ), 95%- . . , , , , 350 98%- , , , 0 . , 115 95 1 , , 5 . , , , 1 , /, 5 . , 2 60 . 2 . 1500 , 3 . , picric , 10, 250 . : , , picrate . .
, : - , .
4 Picric Acid/Trinitrophenol ( , )
1. 20, 5 1 tsp. , .
2.2. 1/2 .
3. , .
4. 1/3 .
5. 15 . .
6. 15 gms. 5 gms. , .
7. , , 1 1/2 .
8. picric 1 . .
Picric - . , -. Picric , picrate, .
-:
+
. Nitromethane , . ( ) . #8 . C4.
( , 50-5000 )
ANNM ( + nitromethane), Kinepak
ANFO ( + )
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ANFO ANNM . ANNM 60:40 (kinepak) (60%- , 40 % nitromethane ), . , . , , . ANNM , ANFO . , VOD, . ANNM 22 700 fps.
, . ANNM ( , ) 10%- prills. , , .
ANFO 93 % 7%- FO ( ). , , , . ANFO -, . - - . - , . -, . 500- ANFO 500- - 10- -, .
-KNO3
- , 9 .