.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


 

: .

 

 

. , , . : (, ), (, ).

. ( . 2.1) v F, S , () . , , : v , . ( ) = d v /d H, H . . 2.1 , = const, . F

(2.1)

t = h × (2.1)

t = F/S , . h , .

, t . , . t ,

. .

. , 1.00×103 ×, 1.45 ×. ( , : 1.00 /3 1.26 /3 ).

, , ( ; . ), , , , , . . . ( , ) "" . , ,

h = h (1 + k × f) (2.2)

h - , f - , , , k , . k 5/2 (. . 2.5 ), 2.5 , . , k . , (2.2) . (, ) , - . , . , , , k , 2.5.

~2 . % (f > 0.02)

h = h (1 + k×f + k 2× f 2), (2.3)

k (2.2), k 2 , 7 14.

(2.3)

= k×f + k 2× f 2 (2.4)

h/h , (h - h )/ h . , . (2.4), f:

= k + k 2× f (2.5)

, (2.5) k k 2 . , , f (, /3) .

, . , , , ( "" ). . -, . , , (. 2.2). -, ( ) , . , . , . , , .

, . , , / 100 3 ( , 1 , , ). , ,

h = h ×(1+ [ h + K 2×[ h ] 2 ×c 2) (2.6)

= [ h ] + K 2×[ h ] 2× c (2.6)

[ h ] , 2 . 2.0 () 0.3 0.5 . . (2.6) , k (2.5), / /, k . Ÿ (2.6) . , ,

(2.7)

, , -:

[ h ] = × (2.8)

a - () , / . 102 105 /, a 0 2. a . ,

a = 0 ,

a = 0.5 0.8 ,

a = 2 .

, a = 0 . (2.2), , :

= k (2.2)

a (2.8) , ( ). ( ) . , i c i i . [ h ] , , i , [ h ]i× c i, , (2.6) , :

(2.9)

(2.8) , , a , , (2.9)

(2.9), , :

, (2.10)

- . . , , c i= N i, N i i :

(2.11)

, , , . , , , ( , - ), , , , ( , ), :

;

a = 1, , a < 1, - > > . , , . .

 

 

, . : , , ( , , ).

. . , , r, . , , h / r.

w , . R R , :

e - R 0/ R, H .

. , . , ( ). , , :

( . . 1, - 1.1). v st , . , v st, , . , .

, . h.

, , , D, -:

k B , , R ( ). , , . , , , :

, , , , . , "" , "" .

(. . 2.3, ). , 1 2, - ( . 2.3 - 1 2; ). , , - . 2 1 , 1. 1 . , 1 2.

: , . U =d V /d t, V - ,

, (2.12)

R - , P - , , L - . 1 ( h 1) 2 ( h 2) rgh 1 rgh 2, r - , g . - .

d t, d V h, d t = d V / U. 1 2

(2.13)

h r, (2.13), , .

(2.13) , , t o h r . t c h r ( ), :

(2.14)

. , , . , r = r , (2.14)

(2.15)

.

 

 

1. 5 ( 1 .%) 0 % ( ). . .

2. - 2 (). - 1, ( . 2.3 1 2 ). , . , 2. 1, 1 ( ) 2, .

3. , 1 2. . 3 .

4. , . , , ( 1 , )

 

 

1. (. .. 2.1) .%, /100 3 (.. /), 1 /3. t .2.1 ( 0 .% ).

2. (2.6), [ h ] K 2×[ h ]2 .

(. . 2.4 ). (2.6). , [ h ], (2.6), b = K 2×[ h ]2, (. 2.1). b , K 2, , K 2 = b/[ h ]2.

3. (2.8) . , (2.8) = 5.66×104 / a = 0.67 7.5×10-6 / 0.016 a. ( , .)

4. , .

 

 

1. ?

2. , ?

3. ?

4. ?

5. ?

6. ? ?

7. ( ) ?

8. ?

9. ? ( ?)

10. ?

11. ?

12. ?

13. ?

14. , , -, , ( , .)?

15. ?

16. , ?

17. , , - D = kB/(6phR), R ?

18. , -2, 1 2 (. 2.2). : 2, 1 ?

 

 

.., .., .., .., .. . . 1. : 1986, . 2.

. 1. . ( .. ). ( .) : 1955, 9.

. . ( .) : 1965, 6.

Dickinson E., Stainsby G. Colloids in food. L: Applied Science 1982, Chapter 7.

. 1. ( .. ) : . . 1988, "" ( 2.1)

 

 

. 2.1

 

. 2.2 . () () ( )

 

. 2.3 -2

 

. 2.4 () e

 

 


 

 



<== | ==>
3. | -
:


: 2015-11-23; !; : 1404 |


:

:

- , - .
==> ...

1486 - | 1403 -


© 2015-2024 lektsii.org - -

: 0.101 .