: , , , .
: , , , , , , , , , , : , , CuO, MgO, CaO, ZnO, , 0,5 . CuSO4, Al2(SO4)3, 2 . NaOH, H2SO4, HCl, 30% NaOH.
. (, , , , , ) .
, -2. , , ( 1), ( 1/2), ( 1/3) .
( ) , , , . - . N2O, NO, CO, OsO4 .
, ( ) .
, . , MgO, CuO, CdO, HgO, VO, CrO, MnO, FeO, NiO, CoO, Bi2O3 . :
MgO + 2HCI → MgCI2 + H2O
CaO + CO2 → CaCO3
, MgO. ():
CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2
, . CO2, SiO2, SO2, SO3, P2O5, N2O3, NO2, N2O5, B2O3, CrO3, Mn2O7 .
:
SO3 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + H2O
SO3 + CaO → CaSO4
, (SiO2, TeO2, TeO3, MoO3, WO3 ), , :
SO2 + H2O → H2SO3
SO3 + H2O → H2SO4
, . BeO, ZnO, PbO, SnO, Al2O3, Cr2O3, MnO2, SnO2, PbO2, Sb2O3 .
, :
AI2O3 + 6HCI → 2AICI3 + 3H2O
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|
AI2O3 + 2NaOH + 3H2O → 2Na[AI(OH)4]
.
, , .
:
- ( );
- , ( 12 , ).
, 2 (IV) , N2O (I) , Fe3O4 (III)- (II) , W20O58 58 20 .
. - , .
() -:
NaOH → Na+ + -
Ca(OH)2→ Ca2+ + 2-
, (I(OH)3, Cu(OH)2) (KOH, NaOH, Ca(OH)2). .
, , :
I(OH)3 +3 HCI → AICI3 + 3H2O
I(OH)3 + NaOH → Na[AI(OH)4]