: She/ he has just returned.
They/ we/ you/ I have already written the letter.
: They/ we/ you/ I have not (havent) written the letter yet.
She/ he/ it has not (hasn`t) return.
: Has she/ he returned?
Have we/ they returned?
{1, c.571 - 575}
:
1. , ,
e.g. I have traveled a lot.
2. , ( ) .
e.g. He has just come. He is upstairs.
3. Present Perfect Continuous , Continuous, , , , , .
e.g. We have been friends since two years ago.
She has seen Nick this morning. ( )
: Past Simple Present Perfect
I wrote a letter yesterday. I have written a letter.
.
, .
He translated this text last week. He has translated this text today.
.
.
:
1) this morning (year, summer, month)
2) today
3) up to now, by now, by today
4) so far, yet - )
5) recently, lately, of late -
6) already, just
7) ever, never, often, seldom, once, many times ( )
8) for a long time, for ages, for 2 hours, for the last 10 years;
for the past 2 weeks
9) since yesterday (1994, childhood, last Sunday, he went to Moscow, then, that time); ever since
10) all his life
11) in 2 weeks -
12) how long
Ex. :
Nick written this text
My sister have taken the letter
We has translated this pencil
They copied that exercise
Past Perfect Tense
Past Perfect Tense , .
Had + Participle II
: I/We/ they/ you/ she/ he/it had finished the work.
We/ I/ they/ you/ she/ he had won the prize.
: Had I/ we/ you/ they/ she/ he finished the work?
Had I/ we/ they/ she/ he won the prize?
: I/ we/ she/ he/ you/ they had not (hadnt) finished the work.
I/ we/she/ he/ they/ it/ you hadnt won the prize.
:
1. , .
e.g. She had written the report by last Sunday.
2. , .
e.g. She had done her homework before her mother came home.
{1, c.628 - 630}
3. after before.
. g. Her mother came home after she had done her homework.
|
|
|
4. :
a) never before had he been so busy.
b) hardly...when, scarcely...when, no sooner...than
e.g. Hardl y had she entered the room, when all the men stood up.
5. Past Perfect Continuous , Continuous, , , , .
e.g. She said that she had known her friend for five years.
:
by 5 o'clock yesterday (last week, the time he came) since 1994
before, after, never before, hardly...when how long?
for 2 hours; for 10 years
Future Perfect Tense
Future Perfect Tense , .
Shall/ will have + V3(Participle II)
: I/ we/ they/ you/ she/ he will have finished the work by 2 tomorrow.
: Will I/ we/ they/ she/ he/ you have finished the work by 2 tomorrow?
: I/ we/ you/ they/ she/ he wont finished the work by 2 tomorrow.
:
1. , .
e.g. She will have read the book by this time tomorrow.
:
by 5 o'clock tomorrow, next Sunday, this time next Monday
before (when) she comes
{1, c.636 - 637}
