: , . . 16 ( ), 32 ( F). 0- , 1 .
214 | 213 | 21 | 20 | ||||
230 | 229 | 21 | 20 | ||||
F | |||||||
. -3276710 +32767, F -7FFFFFFF16 +7 FFFFFFF16.
3.2 ( ).
.
= ,
ma ; ; . .
:
27 | 831 | |||
ma | ma | |||
ma |
, , (2-7) , . (4 ), D (8 ) (16 ). , , .
.
15 :
0,15 | 102 |
1,5 | 101 |
10-1 |
.
4- . , , .
:
4 , .. 32 , , (32-1) = 31 :
231 1 = 2147483647 ≈2/109
, , , (32 1 1 6) = 24 . , , 0.1111(24 ) = 1 2-24≈ 1 6*10-8 ≈ 1
, (6 ), 26 1 = 64 - 1 = 63. .., , ,
|
|
1111 0000
, .., 263 239≈632≈9*1018
24 63-24=39
, .. <1. 7 . , , .. -64 63.
26 = 64 = 4016, 0 27 -1=127. 4016 =+40. 40, 0; 40, ; - .
.
D10 = 32001,5 D10 = -32001,5.
(4 ), : 32001,510 = +7D01,816 -32001,510 = -7D01,816.
:
m = 0,7D018 <1 = 40+4 = 44
m | m | ||
100 0100 | 0111 1101 0000 0001 1000 0000 |
m = -0,7D018 <1 = 40+4 = 44
m | m | ||
100 0100 | 0111 1101 0000 0001 1000 0000 |
. , .
.
.
+2910 = 001111012 -2910 = 10111101
+12710 = 011111112 -12710 = 111111112
.
, , , , , >0. .
Z
Z = - = (10n ) - 10n,
Z <0, >0, n , 10n .
Z
Z = - = (10n 1 - ) - 10n +1,
Z <0, >0, n , 10n 1 - .
, = =.
.
+31→ = = =0000 0000 0001 11112.
-31→ =1000 0000 0001 11112.
1015= 1000 0000 0000 0000 =1111 1111 1110 00012.
:
- , ;
- , ;
- , .. 1 0 0 1, ;
- 1 ( 1 );
- 1 0 0 1, 1 0.
|
|
, . .