nA+nBB Û nRR+nSS Q :
, (1.29)
Ni,0 , Ni () , ni - .
(Ni,) (N,0), :
Ni, = ×N,0 ×; (1.30)
mi, = ×m,0 ×. (1.31)
m M a .
( ) , ( <1), , (). :
ni = ni,0 - ni,, (1.32)
ni, , ( ) ( ) .
nA+nBB Û nRR+nSS, I, (.1.3):
1.3.
- | Mi, / | ||||||
ni,0, / | mi,0, / | ni | ni,, / | ni, / | mi, / | ||
NA,0 | mA,0 | nA | NA,0× | nA,0 - N,p | NA ×MA | ||
B | B | NB,0 | mB,0 | nB | NA,0× | n,0 - N,p | NB ×MB |
R | R | NR,0 | mR,0 | -nr | NA,0× | nR,0 - NR,p | NR ×MR |
S | S | NS,0 | mS,0 | -ns | NA,0× | nS,0 - NS,p | NS ×MS |
N,0 | M,0 | - | - | n=N,0 | n ×M | ||
S ni,0 | Smi,0 | S ni | S mi |
:
(1.33)
, (1.34)
"-" ,"+"- , n - ; Dn=nR+nS-(nA+nB); D(niMi)=nRMR+nSMS-nAMA-nBMB.
1
800 12% NaNO3?
12%
800×12/100= 96 ,
88% : 800×88/100 = 704 .
2
HCl 250 10% HCl?
250 90% , HCl 10% 250×10/90=27,7 .
3
10% H2SO4 100 13,7% Na2CO3 1,145 /3.
100 100×1,145 = 114,5 . 114,5×0,137 = 15,68 Na2CO3. Na2CO3 H2SO4, Na2CO3+H2SO4=Na2SO4+CO2+H2O 15,68×98,06/106 = 14,5 , 10%- H2SO4 :14,5×100/10 = 145 .
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|
4
32,5% NH3 0,888 /3 (NH4)2SO4 c 250 27,3% H2SO4 1,2 /3?
250×1.2 = 300 .
300×0,273 = 81,9 H2SO4.
2N3 + H2SO4 = (N4)2SO4 , :34,06×81,9/98,08 .
34,06×81,9×100/98,08×32,5 34,06×81,9×100/98,08×32,5×0,888 = 98,6 .
5
Na2CO3 100 4N HCl?
HCl 100 4N :
1000 4N 36,46×4 HCl
100 4N -
= 36,46×4×0,1 .
Na2CO3 + 2HCl = 2NaCl + H2O + CO2 :
106 2×36,46
106 Na2CO3 - 2×36,46 HCl
Na2CO3 - 0,4×36,46 HCl
= 21,2 .
6
570 , 200 104,1 .
: (. .1.2) , 104,1 2,34=101,76 . , (104,1 ), (101,76 ):
.
,
.
13 , .. 2,5%, .