- | |||||
sp | 180 | 2 | BeCl2 | ||
sd | 90 | 2 | SrCl2 | ||
sp 2 sd 2 | 120 | 3 2 | BF3 SnCl2 | ||
sp 3 sd 3 | - | 10928/ | 4 3 22 | CH4 NF3 H2O | |
sp 3 d | -- | 90 120 ______ 180 90 180 | 5 4 - 32 23 | PCl5 SF4 ClF3 XeF2 | |
sp 3 d 2 | - | 90 90 90 | 6 5 42 | SF6 SbF XeF4 | |
sp 3 d 3 sp 3 d 2 f | --- | ____ ____ | 7 6 | IF7 XeF6 |
(, 2, Cl2, 2) . . , . q , , , q +. , () m, ×,
(16)
l . .
, D: 1 D = 3,33×10-30 × .
() () , 100 % ( + = 100 %). (%) .
% (17)
( = 1,602×10-19 ).
(17) , D , . D .1.
. 1. Δ.
m , . , HF mF , (F) > () (. .4).
|
|
. , m , , .
, 2 (. .2), , . m = 0 2 .
m > 0, m . , 2 (. .2) 104,5. (m > 0, ).
) )
.2. 2 2.
. 6 .
() , , (). :
1. , ().
: , , . ( s, p d ). , ( s*, p* d*). , , , , , ;
2. ;
3. . , 2 , .
4. ( N2 ) : σ < σ < σ < σ < π = π < σ < π = π < σ .
( 2 ) :
σ < σ < σ < σ < σ < π = π < π = π < σ ;
6