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:

 

(1) Jerome J.Langford. Galileo, Science and the Church (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1971), p. 138.

 

(2) Giorgio de Santillana. The Crime of Galileo (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1955), p. 262.

 

3 Ibid.

 

(4) Ibid., p.241.

 

5 Ibid., p. 303.

 

6 Ibid., p. 310.

 

(7) Colin A. Ronan. Galileo (New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1974), p. 253.

 

(8) William R. Shea. Galileo's Intellectual Revolution: The Middle Period (New York: Science History Publications, 1971), p. i.

 

(9) Thomas S. Kuhn. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 2d ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970), chap. 7, "Crisis and the Emergence of Scientific Theories".

 

(10) See chap. 5. , . Stillman Drake. Galileo (New York: Hill and Wang, 1980), p. 29.

 

(11) Thjmas S. Kuhn. The Copernican Revolution: Planetary Astronomy in the Development of Western Thought (Cambrige, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1957), p. 3.

 

1. :

 

(1) Frederic Copleston. A History of Philosophy, vol. 1, Greece and Rome (London: Burns and Gates, 1961), pp. 22-24.

 

(2) Ibid., pp. 29-37.

 

(3) Ibid., p. 266.

 

(4) G.E.R. Lloyd. Early Greek Science: Thales to Aristotle (New York: Norton, 1971), pp. 123-124.

 

(5) Aristotle. De Caelo, trans. J.L.Stocks, vol. 2 of the Oxford translation of Aristotle's works, ed. W.D.Ross (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1922), chap. 14, p. 179.

 

(6) D.B.Balme. Aristotle. Dictionary of Scientific Biography, ed. Charles C.Gillispie (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1981), vol. 1, p. 250. , , "" , , .

 

(7) Marshall Claggett. Archimedes. Gillispie, Dictionary of Scientific Biography, vol. 1, p. 213.

 

(8) R. Hooykaas. Religion and the Rise of Modern Science (Grand Rapids Win.B.Eerdmans, 1978), p. 76. , ( ).

 

(9) William Stahl. Aristarchus of Samos. Gillispie, Dictionary of Scientific Biography, vol. 1. See Owen Gingerich, "Did Copernicus Owe a Debt to Aristarchus?" Journal for the History of Astronomy 16 (1985), pp. 36-42.

 

(10) Kuhn. Copemican Revolution, p. 80.

 

(11) Owen Gingerich. Ptolemy, Copernicus, and Kepler. The Great Ideas Today: 1983, ed. Mortimer J.Adler and John van Doren (Chicago: Encyclopedia Brittanica, Inc., 1983), pp. 142-143.

 

(12) - . 23,5, , 26000 . .

 

(13) G J.Toomer. Apollonius of Perga. Gillispie, Dictionary of Scientific Biography, vol. 1.

 

(14) Rene Taton. Ptolemy. Gillispie, Dictionary of Scientific Biography, vol. 2.

 

(15) Gingerich. Ptolemy, Copernicus, and Kepler, p. 141. (16) Ibid., p. 139.

 

2. :

 

(1) Paul W. Knoll. The Arts Faculty at the University of Cracow at the End of the Fifteenth Century. The Copemican Achievement, Ed. Robert S. Westman (Berkley: University of California Press, 1975), p. 140.

 

(2) Stephen P. Mizwa. Nicolas Copernicus (Port Washington, N.Y.: Kinnikat Press, 1943), pp. 37-38. - , . , , , .

 

(3) Ibid., pp. 11,34. - Copernicus.

 

(4) Edward Rosen, trans. Three Copemican Treatises, 3d. ed. (New York: Octagon Books, 1971), p. 315.

 

(5) Alexandre Koyre. The Astronomical Revolution (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1973), p. 85. - De hypothesibus motuum coelestium a se constitutis commentariolus. . - 1514 .

 

(6) Rosen. Three Copemican Treatises, p. 325.

 

(7) Gingerich. Ptolemy, Copernicus, and Kepler, p. 160.

 

(8) Rosen. Three Copemican Treatises, p. 352.

 

(9) Ibid., p. 359.

 

(10) Koyre. The Astronomical Revolution, p. 35.

 

(11) Bruce Wrightsman. Andreas Osiander's Contribution to the Copernican Achievement, in Westman, The Copemican Achievement, pp. 233-243. - Ad lectorem de hypthesibus huis opens.

 

(12) Ibid., p. 41. , , , - . , . " " , : , " ". . - , .

 

(13) Gingerich. Ptolemy, Copernicus, and Kepler, p. 138.

 

(14) Kuhn. Copemican Revolution, pp. 73-77.

 

(15) Charles Glenn Wallis, trans. On the Revolution of the Heavenly Spheres. Great Books of the Western World, vol. 16, Ptolemy, Copernicus, Kepler, ed. Robert Maynard Hutchins (Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc., 1952), pp. 506, 509.

 

(16) Gingerich. Did Copernicus Owe a Debt to Aristarchus? p. 11.

 

(17) Wallis. On the Revolutions, p. 509.

 

(18) Georg Joachim Rheticus. Narratio Prima, in Koyre, Astronomical Revolutions, p. 31.

 

(19) Edward Rosen. Copernicus, in Gillispie, Dictionary of Scientific Biography, vol.3,p. 410.

 

(20) Owen Gingerich. "The Crises" versus Aesthetic in the Copemican Revo lution. Vistas in Astronomy, ed. Arthur Beer and Peter Beer (New York: Pergamon Press, 1975), vol. 17, p. 150.

 

(21) Wallis. On the Revolutions, pp. 526,528.

 

(22) Ibid., pp. 508,506,526.

 

(23) Mizwa. Nicolas Copernicus, p. 11.

 

(24) David C. Knight. Copernicus (New York: Franklin Watts, 1965), p. 110.

 

3. :

 

(1) Alfred North Whitehead Science and the Modem World (New York New American Library, 1949), p 40

 

(2) Kuhn Copemican Revolution, p 187

 

(3) Roberts Westman The Copernicans and the Churches God and Nature Historical Essays on the Encounter between Christianity and Science, ed David Lindberg and Ronald L Numbers (Berkley University of California Press, 1986)

 

(4) Kepler Mystenum cosmographicum in Owen Gmgench, Johannes Kepler Gilhspie, Dictionary of Scientific Biography, vol 7, p 290

 

(5) Kepler, Opera, bk 6, quoted m Edwin Arthur Burtt, The Metaphysical Foundations of Modern Science (London Routledge and Kegan Paul 1959), p 47

 

(6) Kepler, Mystenum cosmographicum, quoted m Gmgench, "Johannes Kepler", p 290

 

(7) Dons Hellman Tycho Brage Gilhspie, Dictionary of Scientific Biography, vol l,pp 405-412 Kuhn Copemican Revolution, pp 201-206

 

(8) Kepler Gmgench, Johannes Kepler, p 295

 

(9) Ibid

 

(10) Curtis Wilson How Kepler Discovered His First Two Laws, Scientific Amencan 226 (March 1972), pp 93-99

 

(11) Alexandre Koyre Astronomical Revolution, pp 263-64

 

(12) Kepler Ptolemy, Copernicus, and Kepler, p 175 13 Ibid, p 299

 

(14) Walks, trans The Harmonies of the World Great Books, vol 5, p 1009

 

(15) Max Caspar Kepler, trans Doris Hellman (New York Abelard-Shuman, 1959), p 26

 

(16) Kepler Opeia bk 8 Buett, Metaphysical Foundations, p 57

 

(17) Ibid, p 50

 

(18) Owen Gmgench Johannes Kepler, p 307

 

(19) Edward Rosen Johannes Kepler Weik und Leistung Gmgench, "Johannes Kepler", p 293

 

(20) Gmgenh Ptolemy, Copernicus, and Kepler, p 180

 

(21) Caspar Kepler, p 358

 

4. :

 

(1) Stillman Drake Galileo Studies Personality, Tradition, and Revolution (Ann Arbor University of Michigan Press, 1970), pp 55 59

 

(2) Drake Galileo, p 15

 

(3) William R Shea Galileo s Intellectual Revolution (London Macmillan, 1972), p 2

 

(4) Stillman Drake Galileo Galilei Gilhspie, Dictionary of Scientific Biography, vol 5, p 238

 

(5) Stillman Drake Galileo at Work His Scientific Biography (Chicago University of Chicago Press, 1978), chap 3

 

(6) Ibid.pp 104-110

 

(7) Paul Tannery Galileo and the Principles Dynamics in Galileo Man of Science, ed Ernan McMullm (New York Basic Books, 1967), p 170

 

(8) Drake Galileo Studies, chap 6, "Galileo, Kepler and Their Intermediaries "

 

(9) Ibid, Galileo and the Telescope, chap 7

 

(10) Kuhn Copernican Revolution, pp 224-25

 

(11) Galileo The Sidereal Messenger, trans E Carlos (London Dawson s 1959), p. 11

 

(12) Santillana Crime of Galileo, p 6

 

(13) Drake Galileo Studies, chap 4, "The Academia dei Lincei"

 

(14) Olaf Pedersen Galileo and the Council of Trent The Galileo Affair Revisited Journal for the History of Astronomy 14 (1983), pp 6-7

 

(15) Jerome J Langford Galileo, Science and the Church (Ann Arbor University of Michigan Press, 1971), pp 54-58

 

(16) Drake Galileo at Work, pp 224-225 See A R Peacocke Creation and the World of Science (Oxford Clarendon Press, 1979), pp 3-7

 

(17) Langford Galileo, Science and the Church, p 57

 

(18) McMullm Galileo, pp 11-13

 

(19) Galileo Discourses Concerning Two New Sciences, m McMullm Galileo, p 11

 

(20) Galileo The Asseyer, in Drake Galileo, p 70

 

(21) Domenique Dubarle Galileo s Methodology of Natural Science, m McMullm Galileo, pp 308-10

 

(22) A Rupert Hall The Significance of Galileo s Thought for the History of Science, m McMullm Galileo, pp 73-74

 

(23) Galileo Opere 8 Ernan McMullm The Conception of Science in Galileo's Work, m Robert E Butts and Joseph Pitt, eds New Perspectives on Galileo (Dordrecht D Reidel Pub, 1978), p 217

 

(24) Ibid.pp 213-17

 

(25) Ibid.pp 251-52

 

5. :

 

(1) William R Shea Galileo and the Church Lmdberg and Numbers, God and Nature, chap 4

 

(2) Pedersen Galileo and the Council of Trent, pp 16-17

 

(3) " " Pedersen Galileo and the Council of Trent, pp 17-20

 

(4) McMullm Introduction Galileo, pp 33-35

 

(5) Drake Galileo, Letter to Christina, p 182

 

(6) Ibid, p 185

 

(7) Pedersen Galileo and the Council of Trent, pp 2-3

 

(8) Bellarmine. Letter to Foscarini, trans. Owen Gingerich in The Galileo Affair, The Scientific American (August 1982), p. 137.

 

(9) Discorso del flusso e reflusso del mare (" "). , , . "" : Shea. Galileo's Intellectual Revolution, pp. 172-87.

 

(10) Pedersen. Galileo and the Council of Trent, pp. 8-11.

 

(11) Leonardo Olschki. Galileo's Literary Formation. Ernan McMulIin. Galilleo, chap. 7.

 

(12) Stillman Drake. "The Scientific Personality of Galileo" in Galileo Studies, chap. 3.

 

(13) R. Morris. Dismantling the Universe: The Nature of Scientific Discovery (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1983), pp. 94-98.

 

(14) Santillana. Crime of Galileo, p. 174.

 

(15) Drake. Galileo, p. 19.

 

(16) "", , , . : Santillana. Crime of Galileo, chap. 8; and Ludovico Geymonat. Galileo Galilei, trans. Stillman Drake (New York: McGraw Hill, 1965), app. A.

 

(17) Santillana. Crime of Galileo, pp. 292-293.

 

(18) Ibid., p. 312.

 

(19) Ibid., p. 324, n. 3.

 

(20) Ronan. Galileo,p. 213.

 

(21) Santillana. Crime of Galileo, pp. xii-xiii.

 

(22) Drake. Galileo, p. 92.

 

(23) Geymonat. Galileo Galilei, p. 201.

 

6. :

 

1 : Richard S.Westfall. Never at Rest: A Boigraphy oflsaak Newton. Gillispie, Dictionary of Scientific Biography, vol. 9; and Alexandre Koyre. Newtonian Studies (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1965).

 

(2) I.Bernard Cohen. Newton's Discovery of Gravity, Scientific American 244:3 (March 1981), pp. 167-179.

 

(3) Koyre. Newtonian Studies, p. 224. " " , 1672-1680 . .

 

(4) Cohen. Isaak Newton, pp. 81-83.

 

(5) Hooke, in Koyre. Newtonian Studies, pp. 229-230.

 

(6) Cohen. Newton's Discovery of Gravity, p. 169.

 

(7) Kuhn. Copernican Revolution, p. 256.

 

(8) Westfall. Never at Rest, pp. 202-204.

 

(9) Newton. Correspondence 2, in Westfall. Never at Rest, p. 205, n. 11. (10) Cohen. Isaac Neweton, pp. 68-69.

 

(11) Newton. Principia. Newton's Philosophy of Nature: Selections from His Writings, ed. H.S.Thayer (New York: Hafner Press, 1953), p. 10.

 

(12) Newton. Optics, Query 31, The Method of Analysis in Robert Palter. Newton and the Inductive Method, in the Annus Mirablis of Sir Isaac Newton 1666-1966, ed. Robert Palter (Cambridge, Mass.: The M.I.T.Press, 1967), p. 246.

 

(13) Palter. Annus Mirablis, p. 244. " " (1690 .). , .

 

(14) Newton. Letter to Cotes, . Koyre, Newtonian Studies, pp. 37-38. Chap. 2, "Concept and Experience in Newton's Thought", "".

 

(15) Newton. Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, book 3, "General Scholium", trans. Andrew Motte, revised, Florian Cajori, in: Hutchins, Great Books, vol. 34, p. 371.

 

(16) Newton. Letter to Bentley, Thayer, p. 53.

 

(17) Frank E. Manuel. The Religion of Isaac Newton (Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, 1974), pp. 9-10.

 

(18) Newton. Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, and the Apocalypse of St. John (London, 1733), . Cohen, "Isaak Newton", p. 81.

 

(19) Newton. Keynes MS. The First Book Concerning the Language of the Prophets, in Cohen. Isaac Newton, p. 82.

 

(20) Newton. Yahuda MS. Manuel. Religion of Isaak Newton, pp. 48-49.

 

(21) Westfall. Never at Rest, p. 312-318.

 

(22) Newton. Principles in Hutchins, Great Books, vol. 34, pp. 369-370.

 

(23) Newton. Yahuda MS, . Manuel. Religion oflsaak Newton, p. 22. , . . , .

 

(24) Newton. The Correspondence of Isaak Newton (Cambridge: At the University Press, 1959-77), vol. 3, p. 233.

 

(25) Newton. Keynes MS. Manuel. Religion oflsaak Newton, p. 28

 

(26) Cotes, preface to Newton, Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, trans. Andrew Motte, revised, Florian Cajori (Berkley: Univ. of Calif. Press, 1934), p. xxxii.

 

(27) Edward B. Davis Jr. Creation, Contingency and the Early Modern Science: The Impact of Voluntaristic Theology on Sevententh Century Natural Philosophy" (Ph.D.diss., Indiana University, 1984), p. 234.

 

(28) Westfall. Never at Rest, p. 863.

 

7. :

 

(1) Frederick Coplston. A History of Philosophy, vol. 2, Medieval Philosophy (London: Burns and Gates, 1964), pp. 324-335.

 

(2) Newton. Principles, book 3: System of the World, quoted in Burtt, Metaphysical Foundations, pp. 218-219.

 

(3) William C. Dampier. A Histoiy of Science (Cambridge: At the University Press, 1961), p. 125.

 

(4) Charles S.Peirce. Collected Papers, vol. 1, p. 171. Norwood Hanson. Patterns of Discovery (Cambridge: At the University Press, 1961), pp. 85-86: " , . , ... ... , ".

 

(5) Gerald Holton. Mainsprings of Scientific Discovery. The Nature of Scientific Discovery, ed. Owen Gingerich (Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1975).

 

(6) Norwood Hanson. Patterns of Discovery (Cambridge: At the University Press, 1961), pp. 72-84.

 

(7) Kuhn. Structure of Scientific Revolutions, p. 10.

 

(8) Enrico Cantore. Scientific Man (New York: Institute for Scientific Humanism, 1977), pp. 225-235.

 

(9) Koyre. Newtonian Studies, p. 7.

 

(10) Stanley L. Jaki. Cosmos and Creator (Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press, 1980), pp. 54-55.

 

(11) Andrew Dickson White. A History of the Warefare of Science with Theology in Christendom (New York: Dover Publications, 1960), vol. 1, back cover.

 

(12) Stanley L. Jaki. The Road of Science and the Ways to God (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1978).

 

(13) M.B.Foster. The Christian Doctrine of Creation and the Rise of Modern Natural Science, Mind 43 (1934), pp. 446-68.

 

(14) W.Jim Neidhardt. The Open-Endedness of Scientific Truth (Hatfield, Pa.: Interdisciplinary Biblical Reseach Institute, 1983).

 

(15) John Calvin. Institutes of the Christian Religion, ed. John T. McNeill (Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1960), vol. 1, pp. 273-274.

 

(16) John Calvin. Commentaries on the Book of Genesis, ed. John King (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1981), pp. 86-87.

 

(17) John Dillenburger. Protestant Thought and Natural Science (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1960), pp. 37-38.

 

(18) Charles Webster. Puritanism, Separatism, and Science, in Lindberg and Numbers, God and Nature, chap. 7.

 

(19) Margaret Jacob. Christianity and the Newtonian World View, in Lindberg and Numbers, God and Nature, chap. 9.

 

8.

 

(1) Francis Bacon. Essays, Advancement of Learning, New Atlantis, and other Pieces, ed. R. F.Jones (New York: Odessey, 1937), p. 179.

 

(2) Bernard Ramm. Special Revelation and the Word of God (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1961), pp. 77-83. " , , ".

 

(3) Bruce Milne. Know the Truth (downers Grove, 111.: InterVarsity Press, 1982), p. 28.

 

(4) Ian G. Barbour. Issues in Science and Religion (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1966), pp. 12-18,49-70.

 

(5) Malcom A. Jeeves. The Scientific Enterprise and Christian Faith (Downers Grove, 111.: InterVarsity Press, 1969), pp. 74-78.

 

(6) K.A.Kitchen. The Bible in Its World: The Bible and Archeology Today (Downers Grove, 111.: InterVarsity Press, 1960).

 

(7) IVCF Constitution and By-laws, Madison, Wise.

 

(8) I.H.Marshall. Biblical Inspiration (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1982), p. 91.

 

(9) Gordon D. Fee and Douglas Stuart. How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1982), pp. 15-17.

 

(10) Ibid., p. 20. .

 

(11) J.I.Packer. Infallible Scripture and the Role of Hermeneutics. Scripture and Truth, ed. DACarson and John D.Woodbridge (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1983), pp. 325-360. CM. A. Thiselton, The Two Horizons (Grand Rapids: Wm. B.Eerdmans, 1980).

 

(12) Origen. The History of Christianity (Tring, England: Lion Publishing, 1982), p. 102.

 

(13) (1 . 10:1-4; . 4:21-31), .

 

(14) .. Blackman. Biblical Interpretation (Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1951), p. 111.

 

(15) James W.Sire. Scripture Twisting (Downers Grove, 111.: InterVarsity Press, 1980). 20 , , .

 

(16) Hooykaas. Religion and the Rise of Modern Science, pp. 7-16.

 

(17) Bernard Ramm. The Christian View of Science and Scripture (Grand Rapids: Wm.B.Eerdmans, 1955), chap. 11.

 

(18) John Calvin. Commentary on Psalms (Grand Rapids:WM. B.Eerdmans, 1981), vol. 5, pp. 184-185.

 

(19) J.W.Dawson. In Ramm. Christian View, p. 70.

 

9.

 

(1) Ernest Nagel. The Structure of Science (New York, Brace, 1961), pp. 20-26.

 

(2) Hanson. Patterns of Discovery, chap. 1.

 

(3) Henry Margenau. The Logic of Physical Reality (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1950), p. 28.

 

(4) Karl R.Popper. The Nature of Scientific Discovery (New York: Science Editions, 1959), chap. 4 "Falsifiability".

 

(5) Nagel. Structure of Science, pp. 75-78.

 

(6) Cohen. Newton's Discovery of Gravity, p. 167.

 

(7) Gerald Holton. Einstein's Model for Constructing a Scientific Theory, in Albert Einstein: His Influence on Physics, Philosophy and Politics, ed. Peter C.Aichelburg and Roman U.Sexl (Wiesbaden: Friedr. Vieweg Sjhn, 1979), pp. 121-25.

 

(8) E.L.Mascall. Christian Theology and Natural Science (London: Longmans, Green, 1957), p. 58.

 

(9) Karl R.Popper. Conjectures and Refutations (New York: Harper and Row, 1965), chap. 3, Three Views Concerning Human Knowledge.

 

(10) William H.Watson. Understanding Physics Today (Cambridge: At the University Press, 1963), p. 32. CM. P.W.Bridgman, The Logic of Modem Physics (New York: Macmillan, 1961). " , " (. 51).

 

(11) Stephen Toulmin. The Philosophy of Science (New York: Harper and Row, 1953), ch. 3, "Theories and Maps".

 

(12) Barbour. Issues in Science and Religion, chap. 6, "The Methods of Science".

 

(13) Aristotle, in Hooykaas, Religion and the Rise of Modem Science, p. 6. CM. chap. 1, "God and Nature".

 

(14) Johann H.Diemer. Nature and Miricle (Toronto: Wedge, 1977), pp. 12-16.

 

(15) " " , , .

 

(16) . 12:7-9; 39-41; . 106:25-31.

 

(17) Donald M.MacKay. The Clockwork Image (Downers Grove, 111.: Intervarsity Press, 1974), p. 60.

 

(18) Milne. Know the Truth, p. 74.

 

(19) Colin Brown. Miricles and the Critical Mind (Grans Rapids: Wm.B.Eerd-mans, 1984), p. 292.

 

(20) "" . , .

 

(21) C.S.Lewis. Miricles (New York: Macmillan, 1947), p. 72.

 

(22) Malcom A.Jeeves. The Scientific Enterprise and Christian Faith (Doeners Grove, III: InterVarsity Press, 1969), pp. 32-34.

 

(23) James M.Houston. I Believe in the Creator (Grand Rapids: Wm.B.Eerdmans, 1980), p. 102.

 

10. . 1.

 

(1) Henry Blocher. In the Beginning (Downers Grove, 111.: InterVarsity Press, 1984), pp. 31-33. See Howard J.Van Till. The Fourth Day (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1986), chap. 4.

 

(2) N.H. Riddderbos. Is There a Conflict between Genesis 1 and Natural Science (Atlanta: John Knox Press, 1984), The Plen of Genesis 1, pp. 67-71. : , . , .

 

(3) Adrio Konig. New and Greater Things: A Believer's Reflection, part 3, "On Creation", trans. D. Ray Briggs, unpublished ms., pp. 14-18.

 

(4) Conrad Hyers. The Meaning of Creation: Genesis and Modem Science (Atlanta: John Knox Press, 1984), "The Plan of Genesis 1", pp. 67-71. , : , . .

 

(5) Gerhard von Rad. Genesis (Philadelphia:Westminster Press, 1961), p. 46.

 

(6) ( ), , , ( , ) - , . .

 

(7) Milne. Know the Truth, p. 78.

 

(8) . . 32:10; 6:18, 26:7; . 24:10,34:11,45:18.

 

(9) A. Heidel. The Babylonian Genesis, 3d ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1963), pp. 90,100.

 

(10) Gerhard F. Hasel. The Polemic Nature of Genesis Cosmology, The Evangelical Quaterly 46 (1974), pp. 81-84. " - , , , " (. 85).

 

(11) Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament, vol. l,ed G.J.Botterweck and Helmer Ringgren (Grand Rapids: Wm.B.Eerdmans, 1974), pp. 328-345.

 

(12) Hasel. Polemic Nature, pp. 78-80. , .

 

(13) Davis A.Young. Christianity and the Age of Earth (Grand Rapids: Wm.B. Eerdmans 1982). (. 1-67) , . , XX .

 

(14) Ramm. The Christian View of Science and Scripture, chap. 4, pp. 171-79. .

 

(15) Calvin. Commentary on Psalms, vol. 5, pp. 184-185.

 

(16) J.D.Douglas, ed. The New Bible Dictionary (Grans Rapids: Wm.B.Eerdmans, 1979), p. 271.

 

(17) Laurence Urdang, ed. The Random House Dictionary of the English Language, college ed. (New York: Random House, 1968), p. 48.

 

(18) Von Rad. Genesis, p. 57.

 

(19) J. Wiseman. Creation Revealed in Six Days (London: Marshall, Morgan and Scott, 1948), pp. 33-37.

 

(20) D. F. Payne. Genesis One Reconsidered (London: Tyndale Press, 1964), pp. 18-19.

 

(21) Langon Gilkey. Maker of Heaven and Earth: The Christian doctrine of Creation in the Light of Modern Knowledge (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1965), p. 178.

 

(22) Richard H.Bube. The Human Quest: A New Look at Science and the Christian Faith (Waco, Tex.: Word, 1971), pp. 230-233.

 

11. :

 

(1) Charles Lyell. Life, Letters and Journals of Sir Charles Lyell (London, 1881), vol. 2, p. 5.

 

(2) James Moore. Geologists and Interpreters of Genesis in the Nineteenth Century. Lmdberg and Numbers, God and Nature, chap. 13. See C.Gillispie, Genesis and Geology (New York: Harper Torchbooks, 1951), chap. 5.

 

(3) Gavin DeBeer. Charles R. Darwin. Gillispie, Dictionary of Scientific Biography, vol. 3, p. 567.

 

(4) Robert Chambers. Vestiges of Naturel History of Creation (New York- Harper and Brothers, n.d.), p. 158.

 

(5) Charles Darwin in Life and Letters of Charles Darwin, ed. Francis Darwin (New York: D.Appleton Co., 1887), vol. 1, p. 68.

 

(6) A.Hunter Dupree. Christianity and the Scientific Community in the Age of Darwin. Lindberg and Numbers, God and Nature, chap. 14.

 

(7) Barbour. Issues in Science and Religion, pp. 86-90. John C.Green. Science, Ideology and the World View: Essays in the History of Evolutionary Ideas (Berkley: University of California Press, 1981), chap. 3, "The Kuhnian Paradigm and the Darwinian Revolution in Natural History".

 

(8) James R. Moore. The Post-Darwinian Controversies: A Study of the Protestant Struggle to Come to Terms with Darwin in Great Britain and America (Cambridge: At the University Press, 1979), p. 41.

 

(9) Ibid., pp. 99-125.

 

(10) Frederic Gregory. The Impact of Darwinian Evolution on Protestant Theology in the Nineteenth Century. Lindberg and Numbers, God and Nature, chap. 15.

 

(1)! Dupree. Lindberg and Numbers, God and Nature, chap. 14.

 

(12) Charles Hodge. What Is Darwinism (New York: Scribner, Armstrong and Co., 1874), pp. 48-51.

 

(13) Ibid., pp. 60,134.

 

(14) Moore. Post-Darwinian Controversies, chap. 9.

 

(15) James McCosh. The Religious Aspect of Evolution, 2nd ed. (New York: Scribner's Sons, 1890), p. 7.

 

(16) James McCosh. Autobiografical Statement. The Life of James McCosh, ed. William Sloane (New York: Scribner's Sons, 1891), p. 234.

 

(17) Asa Gray. Natural Science and Religion. Is God a Creationist, ed. Roland Frye (New York: Scribner's Sons, 1983), p. 109.

 

is Ibid., p. 113.

 

(19) Frederic Temple. The Relations between Religion and Science (London: Macmillan and Co., 1885), pp. 122-123.

 

(20) Moore. Post-Darwinian Controversies, chap. 10.

 

(21) Samuel Phillips. Agreement of Evolution and the Christianity (Washington, D.C.: The Phillips Co., 1904). Green. Sceince, Ideology, and World Views, chap. 4,6.

 

(22) Mark Noll. Who Sets the Stage for Understanding Scripture. Christianity Today, 23 May 1980, p. 15.

 

12.

 

(1) Roland LNumbers. The Creationists. Lindberg and Numbers, God and Nature, chap. 16.

 

(2) G.A.Kercut. Implications of Evolution (New York: Pergamon Press, 1965), p. 157.

 

(3) Ibid.

 

(4) Ibid., p. 6.

 

(5) Panel Two: The Evolution of Life, in Evolution after Darwin, ed. Sol Tax (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1960), vol. 3, p. 111.

 

(6) Green. Science, Ideology, and World View, chap. 7.

 

(7) Richard A.Dodge. Divine Creation: A Theory? American Institute of Biological Sciences Education Review 2 (1973), pp. 29-30.

 

(8) J.C.Whitcomb, Jr. and H.M.Morris. The Genesis Flood (Philadelphia: Presbyterian and Reformes Publishing Co., 1961).

 

(9) Norman L.Geisler. Creationism: A Case for Equal Time. Christianity Today, 19 March 1982, p. 27.

 

(10) In Asley Montagu, ed. Science and Creationism (Oxford: At the University Press, 1984), pp. 365-397.

 

(11) J.C.Whitcomb, Jr. and H.M.Morris. Journal of the American Scientific Affiliation 16 (June 1964): 60. See Henry M.Morris, ed., Scientific Creationism (El Cajon: Master Books, 1985).

 

(12) Owen Gingerich. Let There Be Light: Modern Cosmogony and Biblical Creation. In Frye, Is God a Creationist? chap. 8.

 

(13) Thomas C.Emmel. Worlds within Worlds: An Introduction to Biology (New York: Harcout, 1977), p. 210.

 

(14) G. A. Kerkut. Implications of Evolution, p. 17.

 

(15) Charles B. Taxton, Walter L.Bradley, Roger L.Olsen. The Mystery of Life's Origin (New York: Philosophical Library, 1984), pp. 202-216.

 

(16) F.Donald Eckelmann. Geology. Bube, The Encounter, pp. 146-156.

 

(17) Jan Lever. Creation and Evolution (Grans Rapids: Kregel's, 1958), chap. 5

 

(18) G.G.Simpson. The Meaning of Evolution, 4th ed. (New Haven: Yale Univer-' sity Press, 1950), p. 262.

 

(19) Wayne Friar and Percival Davis. A Case for Creation, 3d ed. (Chicago: Moody Press, 1983). " , , , " "... , " (. 129).

 

(20) See D.G.Jones. Issues and Dilemmas in the Creation-Evolution Debate. Creation and Evolution, ed. Derek Burke (Leicester, England: Inter-Varsity Press, 1985), chap. 7.

 

(21) Konig. New and Greater Things, part 3, pp. 28-39.

 

(22) Charles E.Hummel. The Relationship between Adam and Christ in Roman Five (master's thesis, Wheaton College, 1962).

 

13. :

 

(1) Asa Gray. Natural Science and Religion. Frye, Is God a Creationist? p. 117.

 

(2) Michael Polanyi. Personal Knowledge (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1958).

 

(3) W.Jim Neidhardt. Realistic Faith Seeking Understanding - A Structured Model of Human Knowing. Journal of the American Scientific Affiliation 35 (March 1984): 42-45.

 

(4) Michael Polanyi. Science, Faith and Society (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1964), p. 68.

 

(5) Ibid., pp. 45-50. Tomas F.Torrance. The Framework of Belief, in Belief in Science and in Christian Life, ed. T.F.Torrance (Edinburgh: Handsel Press, 1980), chap. 1. , , - , .

 

(6) Polanyi. Science, Faith and Society, p. 30.

 

(7) Ibid., p. 56.

 

(8) John Barr. Conversion and Pertinence. Torrance. Belief in Science, pp. 49-52.

 

(9) Frederic Gregory. The Impact of Darwinian Evolution. Lindberg and Numbers, God and Nature, chap. 15.

 

(10) Keith E. Yandell. The Protestant Theology and Natural Science in the Twentieth Century. Lindberg and Numbers, God and Nature, chap. 18.

 

(11) Robert C.Ncwman and Herman J.Eckelmann, Jr. Genesis One and the Origin of the Earth (Downers Grove, 111.: InterVarsity Presss, 1977), p. 88.

 

(12) Ramm. The Christian View of Science and Scripture, chap. 4.

 

(13) Vern S.Poythress. Science as Allegory. Journal of American Scientific Affiliation 35 Qune 1983): 65-71.

 

(14) Donald M. MacKay. The Clockwork Image, pp. 36-38.

 

(15) Bube. The Human Quest, chap. 6, p. 125.

 

(16) Thomas F.Torrance. Transformation and Conversance (Grans Rapids: Wm.B.Eerdmans, 1984), chap. 7,





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