1. , . 2. , . 3. , . 4. ǒ, . 5. , . 6. , . 7. , , . 8. , . 9. ³, . 10. , . 11. ֳ , . 12. , .
Gerund
()
| Active | Passive | |
| Indefinite (Simple) | writing | being written |
| Perfect | having written | having been written |
e 䳺, 䳺 (䳺 ). : reading , listening .
, 䳺 ; , .
We intend shipping the goods in May. . ( )
He likes being invited by his friends. ³ , . ( )
He sat without turning his head. ³ , . ( )
, 䳿 .
Thank you for having helped me. , .
| ϳ | Smoking is not allowed here. . |
| His hobby is driving a car. . | |
| : ( begin, start, (dis)like, continue, prefer, hate, intend, can afford, need, remember, enjoy, mind, be busy, excuse, be worth etc) | Excuse my interrupting you. , . They began building new houses here. . |
| ( depend on, rely on, dream of, object to, blame for, thank for, feel like, be interested in, be surprised at, be responsible for, result in, be engaged in, fear of, think of, be afraid of, be fond of, get used to, look forward to,etc.) | They spoke about their travelling to the North. . I look forward to receiving your letter. . Youll get used to driving on the left. . |
| ( after, before, on, by, without, instead of, besides) | After reading the letter I put it into the drawer. ϳ , , . They ate without talking. . |
| ( importance of, interest in, reason for, hope of, way of, experience in, opportunity of, idea of, chance of, ) | Whats your idea of bringing up children? ? She had come with the intention of saying something definite. . You have always been in the habit of giving her playthings. . writing paper, dancing place |
1 䳺 .
|
|
|
I dont mind your going without me.
She was angry at Johns saying these words.
2 need, want, require, be worth , .
My shoes need repairing.
Exercise 23Translate the sentences paying attention to the Gerund.
1. Reading English technical journals is important for an engineer. 2. They finished installing the apparatus only on Saturday. 3. They began making the experiment in May. 4. After failing his examination in January he had to take it again in February. 5. After the meeting they discussed different ways of improving their work. 6. The organizers of the conference were informed of his refusing to take part in it. 7. We heard of the experiment having started last week. 8. He improved his report by changing the end. 9. New possibilities for applying atomic energy open up. 10. I am looking forward to sending my children to the country for the holidays. 11. Im surprised at his missing lessons so often. 12. Im surprised at your having missed so many lessons
Exercise 24 Complete the sentences with ing forms of the following verbs:
answer, climb, drink, forget, hear, learn, lie, pay, say, ski, type, watch.
1.... too much alcohol is very bad for you. 2. I dont like... bills. 3. He really enjoys... his own voice. 4. Whats wrong with... in bed all day? 5. Her favourite sports are... and... mountains. 6.... languages is hard work. 7. I hate... goodbye. 8.... is better than remembering. 9.... animals can teach you a lot. 10. Whats your job? ... the phone and... letters.
