Unlike the polyfunctional for-to-infinitive constructions, the objective with the infinitive complexes can have mostly one function in the sentence - that of the complex object. Despite this the semantic equivalents of this construction in Ukrainian are often different. The choice of the Ukrainian semantic equivalent is predetermined by some factors, the main of which are as follows: a) the lexical meaning of the finite verb after which the objective with the infinitive construction is used; b) the paradigmatic form of the infinitive (its categorial meaning); c) the lexical meaning of the objective infinitive. As a result, different semantic and structural equivalents may be used in Ukrainian as substitutes for this predicative complex. The choice of the appropriate language unit/sense unit may often rest with the translator only or it may be predetermined by the structural peculiarity of the sentence under translation. The most common ways of translating the objective with the infinitive constructions are the following:
1. By means of a subordinate clause:
Do you want me to take ,
these (slides) a way? (Hailey) () ?
Everyone watched him walk ,
across the garden. (D. Lessing) / .
Depending on the predicate verb, the objective with the infiniive construction may be rendered into Ukrainian with the help of an infinitive or a subordinate clause:
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He ordered the cabman to ³ /
drive on. (London) .
2. By means of an objective infinitival word-group forming part
of the compound modal verbal predicate (like in English):
I rather wanted to be a painter
when I was a boy, but my father ,
made me go into business,
(Maugham) .
Slowly, economically, he got ,
dressed and forced himself to ,
walk. (Lawrence) .
3. By means of a noun derived from the objective infinitive (an
alternative way of translation) or an object clause:
He heard the blackbird sing. ³ .
had expected him to be ³
more sympathetic. (Maugham) .
The objective with the infinitive construction in the above-given sentence may naturally be translated with the help of the subordinate clause: ³ , / .
4. By means of a phrasal/simple verbal predicate:
The champagne and the alti- ³
tude made him sleep. (Hailey) /
.
never made me laugh. ³
(Maugham) /
.
The objective with the infinitive construction in the last sentence may also be understood and translated with the help of a phrasal verb: ³ .
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In some sentences introduced by the anticipatory /f the objective with the infinitive construction may perform a quite unusual for it function of the complex subject corresponding to the Ukrainian extended infinitival subject:
It's heavenly to hear you say , -
that, my sweet. (Maugham) .
Translation of the objective with, the infinitive constructions, therefore, may be predetermined not only by the nature and meaning of the finite verb/predicate, which may have various implicit dependent grammatical meanings (those of physical or mental perception, verbs of saying, etc.), but also by its syntactic function, by the translator's choice of the equivalent and by the stylistic aim pursued in the sentence by the author.
Exercise III. Prior to translating the English sentences below offer appropriate Ukrainian semantic (and structural) equivalents for each objective with the infinitive construction.
1.1 want you to hear me out. 2.1 saw you drive up and I ran down, I'm afraid, on the third floor. 3. She had never seen him smoke a pipe before. 4. She heard him slam the front door and saw him come out.
5. Now she heard Guy clatter down the steps to the bath-house.
6. He heard Big Ben chime Three above the traffic. (Galsworthy)
7. Neilson watched him make his way across and when he had disappeared among the coconuts, he looked still. 8. She wanted him to look back on this as one of the great moments of his life. 9. She felt that he wanted her to be a child of nature. 10. Don't you remember, before I married Gelbert you advised me to marry a man of my own age. 11. She had expected him to be more sympathetic. 12. I should hate him to be an author if that's what you mean. 13. She must look at the people if she wants them to look at her. 14. She saw Charles's smile freeze on his face. 15.... he could not see Julia's face when she heard him say this. 16. Julia didn't know why... her little presents made her inclined to laugh. (Maugham) 17. Oh! If I could only see him laugh once more. Oh! If I could only see him weep. (M.Twain)
18. She caused a telegram to be sent to him. (Galsworthy)
19. ... she must agree her baby to be surrendered for adoption im
mediately after birth. 20.0'Donnell wanted his baby to live. 21. If you
wanted him to take an assistant, you told him to do so and usually
that was that. 22. Even at that, O'Donnell reflected, he had con
sidered the chairman to be erring toward optimism. 23. It was a
loud, firm protest, but even as he made it he had known it to be a lie.
24. Mike had spoken them (words) on impulse, but suddenly, deeply,
he knew them to be true. (Hailey) 25. It was so like his family, so like
them to carry their business principles into their private relations.
(Galsworthy) 26. I want order! I want things to get started!
(R.Goldberg) 27. He had the dray-man bring in the soap. (Dreiser)
28. I cannot bear you to speak of that. (Jerome K.Jerome)
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Exercise IV. Translate the sentences into English. Be sure to use the corresponding form of the infinitive in each of them.
1. , . 2. ³ , . 3. ͳ , . 4. , . 5. , .
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6. , .
7. ͳ , . 8. , . 9. , . 10. , . 11. , . 12. , . 13. ͳ , . 14. , . 15. , . 16. , . 17. , . 18. , 쳺. 19. , . 20. , . 21. , . 22. ͳ , . 23. , . 24. ³ , . 25. , . 26. , ' 보 . 27. , 68 糿. 28. , . 29. , - . . , .
