:
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:
CaCl2+ H2Ind ↔ CaInd + 2 HCl
CaInd+Na2H2Tr→Na2CaTr+H2Ind
f.= M1/z =
-
-
-
-
-
NB!
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| CaCl2+ H2Ind ↔ CaInd + 2 HCl CaInd+Na2H2Tr→Na2CaTr+H2Ind | MgSO4+ H2Ind ↔ MgInd + H2SO4 MgInd+Na2H2Tr→Na2MgTr+H2Ind | ZnSO4+ H2Ind ↔ ZnInd + H2SO4 ZnInd+Na2H2Tr→Na2ZnTr+H2Ind | |
| f.= M1/z = | |||
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| - - - - -
NB! | - - - - - - - | ||
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I
Argenti nitras
Silver nitrate*
AgNO 3
)
HCl + AgNO3 → AgCl↓ + HNO3
Ag1 + 2NH4 → [Ag(NH3)2]Cl + 2H2O
)
O
//
2AgNO3 + ͖CH + 3NH4OH → 2Ag↓ + COONH4 + 2NH4 NO3 + 2 H2O
-
)
:
AgNO3 + NH4SCN → AgSCN↓ + NH4NO3
3 NH4SCN + Fe3+ → Fe(SCN)3 + 3 NH4+
f.= M1/z =
N. B.! _________ !!!
| Protargolum | Collargolum |
| + ~ 8% Ag | + ~ 70% Ag |
.
HNO3, t0
→ Ag+
HCl + Ag+ → AgCl↓ + H+
)
)
:
Ag+ + NH4SCN → AgSCN↓ + NH4+
.
3 NH4SCN + Fe3+ → Fe(SCN)3 + 3 NH4+
f.= M1/z =
N. B.! - ! .. , - !
- 100%
T . =
ω%-
|
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. =
. =
II.
,
Spiritus aethylicus
Spiritus Vini
C 2 H 5 OH
1.
C2H5OH + CH 3 OH → CH 3 OC2H5 + 2
2.
C2H5OH + 4 I2 + 6 NaOH → CHI3↓ + HCOONa + 5 NaI + 5 H2O
3.
O
//
3C2H5OH + K2Cr2O7 + 3 H2SO4 → 3CH3CH + Cr2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + 7 H2O
1.
2.
3.
1. 70%-
2. 40%-
3. 95%-
4.
N. B.!
(
)
,
Solutio Formaldehydi
Formalinum
O
//
H C H
1. ( )
)
Π
// t0 //
C + 2[ Ag (NH 3)2] OH → C ONH 4 + 2 Ag ↓ + H 2 O + 3 NH 3 ↑
)
ʠ
O O
// t0 //
H C H +2 u + Na͠ Cu2↓ + H C ONa + 2
Π
Na Na
)
Π
// //
+ 2[ HgI 4 ] + 3 → + Hg ↓ 4 I + 2 2
2.
O
HOOC H || H COOH . H2SO4
+ H C H + →
|
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|
HO OH
 | |||
 | |||
HOOC CH2 COOH .H2SO4
→ →
HO OH
 |
HOOC CH= COOH
→
HO O
3.
NH2 N=CH2
 |
+ C = O → + H2O
|
H
R R
, ( )
:
Π
// //
͠ + I 2 + 3 Na → Na + 2 NaI + 2
.
I2 + 2 N 2 S2 3 → 2 N I + N 2 S4 6
I2 + 2 → 2 I-
2 S23 2- - 2 → 2 S462-
f . = M 1/ z =
*
Methenaminum *
Hexamethylentetraminum
Urotropinum
N
CH2 CH2 CH2
N
N CH2 CH2--N
(CH 2)6 N 4
CH 2
1.
t0
(CH2)6N4 + 2 H2SO4 + 6 H2O → 6 HCOH↑ + 2 (NH4)2SO4
(NH4)2SO4 + 2 NaOH → 2 NH3↑ + 2 H2O + Na2SO4
2.
t0
(CH2)6N4 + 2 H2SO4 + 6 H2O → 6 HCOH↑ + 2 (NH4)2SO4
O
HOOC H || H COOH . H2SO4
+ H C H + →
HO OH
HOOC CH2 COOH .H2SO4
→ →
HO OH
HOOC CH = COOH
→
)
-
-
)
- 2 (CH2)6N4 3 AgNO3↓
- (CH2)6N4 CaCl2↓
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: 2018-10-18; !; : 473 |
:
| 1494 - 