1. The Constitution of the Russian Federation shall come into force from the moment of its official publication according to the results of a nationwide referendum.
The day of the nationwide referendum of December 12, 1993 shall be considered to be the day of adopting the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
Simultaneously the Constitution (Fundamental Law) of the Russian Federation - Russia, adopted on April 12, 1978 with all amendments and changes, shall become invalid.
2. The laws and other legal acts acting in the territory of the Russian Federation before the given Constitution comes into force shall be applied in that part which does not contradict the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
XXIII. Translate into English:
1. В Российской Федерации признаются и гарантируются права и свободы человека и гражданина согласно общепризнанным принципам и нормам международного права и в соответствии с настоящей Конституцией. 2. Основные права и свободы человека неотчуждаемы и принадлежат каждому от рождения.Осуществление прав и свобод человека и гражданина не должно нарушать права и свободы других лиц. 3. Государство гарантирует равенство прав и свобод человека и гражданина независимо от пола, расы, национальности, языка, происхождения, имущественного и должностного положения, места жительства, отношения к религии, убеждений, принадлежности к общественным объединениям, а также других обстоятельств. 4. Права и свободы человека и гражданина могут быть ограничены федеральным законом только в той мере, в какой это необходимо в целях защиты основ конституционного строя, нравственности, здоровья, прав и законных интересов других лиц, обеспечения обороны страны и безопасности государства. 5. Достоинство личности охраняется государством. Никто не должен подвергаться пыткам, насилию, другому жестокому или унижающему человеческое достоинство обращению или наказанию. 6. Государственная защита прав и свобод человека и гражданина в Российской Федерации гарантируется. Каждый вправе защищать свои права и свободы всеми способами, не запрещенными законом.
XXIV. Complete the following sentences with the suitable word using the information below. Translate into Russian.
1. The Russian Federation is a social State whose policy ________ creating conditions for a worthy life and a free development of man.
2. Land and other natural resources ________ in private, state, municipal and other forms of ownership.
3. The Russian Federation is a secular state. No religion ________ established as a state or obligatory one.
4. Everyone ________ have the right to the inviolability of private life, personal and family secrets, the protection of honour and good name.
5. The provisions of the present chapter of the Constitution ________ the fundamental principles of the constitutional system of the Russian Federation, and may not be changed otherwise than ________ the rules established by the present Constitution.
6. Everyone _________ obliged to preserve nature and the environment, carefully treat the natural wealth.
a) according to;
b) shall be;
c) shall;
d) may be (2);
e) is aimed at;
f) provide;
g) comprise.
XXV. Write sentences using the words below:
- The, Russian, territory, of, Federation, the, cover, its, shall, whole, the, sovereignty, of.
- In, ideological, Russian, shall, the, Federation, be, diversity, recognized.
- The, free, and, direct, of, power, supreme, the, elections, expression, of, referenda, shall, the, people, be.
- associations, be, Religious, shall, law, be, and, equal, shall, separated, the, from, before, the, State.
- exercise, and, Man, rights, shall, woman, and, enjoy, have, them, and, freedoms, equal, to, possibilities, equal.
- possess, and, Citizens, as, property, their, have, associations, to, shall, private, the, land, right.
XXVI. Translate into English:
1. In the Russian Federation recognition and guarantees shall be provided for the rights and freedoms of man and citizen according to the universally recognized principles and norms of international law and according to the present Constitution. 2. Fundamental human rights and freedoms are inalienable and shall be enjoyed by everyone since the day of birth. The exercise of the rights and freedoms of man and citizen shall not violate the rights and freedoms of other people. 3. The State shall guarantee the equality of rights and freedoms of man and citizen, regardless of sex, race, nationality, language, origin, property and official status, place of residence, religion, convictions, membership of public associations, and also of other circumstances. 4. The rights and freedoms of man and citizen may be limited by the federal law only to such an extent to which it is necessary for the protection of the fundamental principles of the constitutional system, morality, health, the rights and lawful interests of other people, for ensuring defence of the country and security of the State. 5. Human dignity shall be protected by the State. No one shall be subject to torture, violence or other severe or humiliating treatment or punishment. 6. State protection of the rights and freedoms of man and citizen shall be guaranteed in the Russian Federation. Everyone shall be free to protect his rights and freedoms by all means not prohibited by law.
XXVII. Translate into English:
КОНСТИТУЦИЯ
