.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


( )

.

 

:

1) 2- .

2) ( ) .

3) .

, (.. ).

:

 

:

2y + z = 0 (- 2) (- 3)

2x +y 2z = - 2 +

3x + y + z = 8 +

 

2- 1- , (- 2), 3- 1- , (- 3). :

x 2y + z = 0

5y 4z = -2 (- 7)

7y 2z = 8 5 +

 

2- 3- .

y 3- , 2- . 3- 2- , (- 7) 3- , 5. :

- 2y + z = 0

5y 4z = -2

18z = 74

 

z , y 2- (.. z), , , 1- ( y z).

= 2y z = 4 3 = 1

y = 1/5 (4z 2) = 1/5 (12 2) = 2

z = 3

 

, .

, : z 1 2- , y 1- :

 

2y + z = 0 x 2y + z = 0 x 2y = -3 5

5y 4z = -2 ó 5y 4z = -2 + ó 5y = 10 2 +

18z = 74: 18 z = 3 4 (- 1) + z = 3

         
   


5x = 5: 5 x = 1

ó 5y = 10: 5 ó y = 2

z = 3 z = 3

 

. , .. ( , ). :

2y + z = 0 (- 2) (- 3) x 2y + z = 0

2x + y 2z = -2 + ó 5y 4z = -2: 5 ó

3x + y + z = 8 + 7y 2z = 8

x 2y + z = 0 x 2y + z = 0 x 2y + z = 0

y 4/5z = -2/5 (- 7) ó y 4/5z = -2/5 ó y 4/5z = -2/5

7y 2z = 8 + 18/5z = 54/5: 18/5 z = 3

. . , .

 

.

: 2 + y z = 0 x + 2y + z = 3 (- 2) (- 1)

x + 2y + z = 3 ó 2x + y z = 0 + ó

x y 2z = -3 x y 2z = -3 +

             
     


x + 2y + z = 3 x + 2y + z = 3 x + 2y + z = 3

- 3y 3z = -6: (- 3) ó y + z = 2 (- 1) ó y + z = 2

- 3y 3z = -6: (- 3) y + z = 2 + 0 = 0

, :

x + 2y + z = 3

ó y + z = 2

z . . y z.

x = 3 2y z = 3 2(2 z) z = - 1

y = 2 z

z = z -

 

:

x = -1 4

y = 2 c

z = c,

 

. , , .

 

.

, .

 

. . .

:

1) 2- .

2) ( ) .

3) .

 

, :


2y + z = 0

2x + y 2z = -2

3x + y + z = 8

 

:

 

1 -2 1 0 (- 2) (- 3) 1 -2 1 0 1 -2 1 0

= 2 1 -2 -2 + ó 0 5 -4 -2 (- 7) ó 0 5 -4 -2

3 1 1 8 + 0 7 -2 8 5 + 0 0 18 74

 

, z, y, x. .

 

:

1 -2 1 0 1 -2 1 0 + 1 -2 0 - 3 5 +

ó 0 5 -4 -2 ó 0 5 -4 - 2 + ó 0 5 0 10 2 ó

0 0 18 74: 18 0 0 1 3 4 (- 1) 0 0 1 3

5 0 0 5: 5 1 0 0 1

0 5 0 10: 5 ó 0 1 0 2

0 0 1 3 0 0 1 3

:

= 1

y = 2

z = 3

.

 

:

 

:

2y + 3z u = 2

2x + y z + u = 0

x + 3y 4z + 2u = 1

x + y + z = 1

 

1 -2 3 -1 (- 2) (- 1) 1 -2 3 -1 2

2 1 -1 1 + 0 5 -7 3 -4 (- 1) (- 3)

= 1 3 -4 2 + ó 0 5 -7 3 -1 + ó

1 1 1 0 + 0 3 -2 1 -1 5 +

 

1 -2 3 -1 2 1 -2 3 -1 2

0 5 -7 3 -4 0 5 -7 3 -4

0 0 0 0 3 ó 0 0 11 -4 7

0 0 11 -4 7 0 0 0 0 3

 

x 2y + 3z u = 2

5y 7z + 3u = -4

11z 4u = 7

0 = 3

, .. , . , .

: .

 

, , , . , , . , , . .

: :

x + y + z + u = 2

2x + y + 2z + 2u = 3

x + z + u = 1

3x + 2y + 3z + 3u = 5

1 1 1 1 2 (- 2) (- 1) (- 3) 1 1 1 1 2

2 1 2 2 3 + 0 -1 0 0 -1 (- 1)

A = 1 0 1 1 1 + ó 0 -1 0 0 -1 + ó

3 2 3 3 5 + 0 -1 0 0 -1 +


1 1 1 1 2 +

0 -1 0 0 -1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1

0 0 0 0 0 ó 0 -1 0 0 -1 (- 1) ó 0 1 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 0


x + z + u = 1

y = 1

z u

 

= 1 1 2

y = 1

: z = c1

u = c2, c1, c2 - .

 

:

z u . ( y) . . z u. :

x = c1 = 1

y = 1 y = 1

z = c2 z = 1 c1 c2

u = 1 c1 c2 u = c2

 

, , , , , .

 

 



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