Linux - .
, virtualconsole - , .
<Ctrl> + <Alt> + <FN>, N=1..6. "ttyN ", " N " - . login:. - . . , , tt, : /dev/tt2. :<Alt>+<FN>
, <trl> +<D>. , . , Linux - . , . , , . logout it.
, ,Linux . "login:" , , trl+ Alt + F7. . , ( ) , . - , .
, ( "" ) , . Linux- , . trl+ Alt + F7 - trl+ Alt + F9.
, trl+ Alt +FN, N - .
Linux trl+ Alt + F12 . : , (t), .
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| Linux | |
| whoami | , |
| w who | , |
| pwd | |
| ls -l | |
| cd <_> | |
| ps ax | |
4.
1) rm
rm . Linux ( ), rm .
2)
. :
[user]$ cp [options] source destination
[user]$ cp [options] source_directory new_directory
source , , destination, , source_directory new_directory. , , , .
, , .
3) cat
cat (. . ) ( , ). cat , -
[user]$ catfile1>file2
cat , , .. .
[user]$ cat file1 file2...fileN > new-file
, , , <Ctrl>+<D> <Ctrl>+<C>, , , newfile. , , .
4) more less
.
- more , . , . <Enter> . more man info,
less, GNU, , more, , , (< >, < >, <PgUp>, <PgDown>) .
:
1) Unix- way?
2) Linux? ?
3) . ?
4) ?
:
1. . . . 4- . 2015
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2. . . Linux 4- - 2012
19. Linux.
:
1. .
2. /etc/passwd .
3. : /etc/skel.
4.
Linux , . user id uid, , . , , username (), user id. .
. .
Linux . , . : adduser useradd; . . .
. "" /etc/group , groupadd groupmod.
, passwd login_name.
Ubuntu :
sudo useradd username
"username" .
:
sudo mkdir /home/username
:
sudo passwd username
:
sudo chown username /home/username
sudo chgrp username /home/username
.
root-
root- , :
sudo adduser username sudo
- :
sudo userdel username
sudo rm -r /home/username/
, .
