1. Study the words
1. have power
2. make laws
3. rule ,
4. reign ,
5. government ,
6. encourage ,
7. warn
8. chamber
9. the House of Commons
10. the House of Lords
11. hereditary
12. elect
13. bill
2. Read the text about the political system of Great Britain. Translate the sentences with the new words.
The Political System of Great Britain
Great Britain is a parliamentary monarchy. It means that there is a Queen (or King) and the Parliament. The Queen has almost no power in the country. Her powers are limited by the Parliament. Laws are made by the Parliament. The Queen is only a formal ruler: she reigns but does not rule. In fact everything that she does is done on the active of her ministers, who are responsible for the royal acts. Thus, most of her functions are symbolic. The United Kingdom is governed by the Government in the name of the Queen. But the Queen has all information, has the right to encourage and the right to warn. The Queen's residence in London is Buckingham Palace. Besides, she has some homes in England and Scotland.
The British Parliament consists of two cambers: the House f Lords and the House of Commons. There are more than 1000 members in the House of Lords. Many seats are hereditary. The House of Commons has 635 members. They are elected by a general election (secret ballot). Any member may introduce a Bill and ask permission to bring it to the House for the first reading. After the third time reading the Bill goes to the House of Lords. If the Lords agree to a Bill, it will be placed before the Queen for signature. Then it becomes a law. The government is headed by the Prime Minister, who is the leader of the party that has won the election. In Great Britain there are three main political parties: the Conservatives, the Labour Party and the Liberals.
3. Questions
1. What does a parliamentary monarchy mean?
2. What is the function of the Queen?
3. What rights does the Queen have?
4. What is the Queens residence in London?
5. What chambers does the Parliament consist of?
6. How does a bill become a law?
7. Who is the head of the Government?
8. What are the main political parties in Britain?
4. Fill in the table using the information from the text
| The Political body | The Roles of the political body |
5. Speak about the British political bodies and their roles
TOPIC 61. LONDON
1. Study the names of London sights
1. The City
2. Westminster
3. The West End
4. The East End
5. the Tower of London
6. St. Pauls Cathedral
7. The Houses of Parliament
8. Buckingham Palace
9. Westminster Abbey
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10. Trafalgar Square
11. The National Gallery
12. the British Museum
2. Find the English equivalents of the words
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8. ,
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
3. Read the text about London
London
London is the capital of Great Britain, its political, cultural and commercial centre. London is one of the largest cities in the world. Its population is more than 8 million.
London is a very old city. It was founded in the first century A.D. by the Romans. Traditionally London is divided into several parts: the City, Westminster, the West End and the East End. They are very different from each other.
The heart of London is the City its commercial and business centre. There are many banks, offices and firms there. Few people live in the City. But over a million come to work here.
Two famous historic buildings are located in the City the Tower of London and St Pauls Cathedral. The Tower of London was built in the 11 the century. It was used as a fortress, a royal residence and a prison. Now it is a museum of armour.
A twenty minutes walk from the Tower will take you to another historic building St Pauls Cathedral. It was built in the 17th century by the famous architect Sir Christopher Wren.
Westminster is the centre of government. Here we can the Houses of Parliament with the famous clock Big Ben on one the towers. All government offices are in Whitehall. The official residence of the Queen is Buckingham Palace. The residence of Prime Minister is at 10 Downing Street.
Opposite the Houses of Parliament stands Westminster Abbey. It is the place where all the coronations of the British monarchs take place. Many famous people are also buried in Westminister Abbey including statesmen, musicians and writes.
The West End is the richest and the most beautiful part of London. It is the symbol of wealth and luxury. There are the best shops, hotels, restaurants, houses and lovely gardens there. It includes Trafalgar Square, the main shopping areas of Oxford Street.
Trafalgar Square was built in the last century to commemorate the Battle of Trafalgar. Admiral Lord Nelsons statue stands on top of a column in the middle of Trafalgar Square. The square makes a good place for people to meet. Behind Nelsons column is the National Gallery, an art gallery in which you can find many old masters. Not far away from the National Gallery is the British Museum. It contains a priceless collection of ancient manuscripts, coins, sculptures. It is famous for its library one of the richest in the world.
The East End is an industrial district of London. It is famous as the centre of the clothing industry.
4. Complete the sentences
1. London is
2.London was founded
3.The city is divided into
4.The City is
5.There are in the City.
6. St Pauls Cathedral is
7.The Tower of London is
8.Westminster is
9.In this part of London we can see
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10.Buckingham Palace is
11.10 Downing Street is
12.Westminster Abbey is the place where
13. The West End is
14. At Trafalgar Square we can see
15. The British Museum contains
16. Oxford Street is
17. The East End is
5. Name the sights of London
1.It is a part of London. It is commercial and business centre. The Stock Exchange, the Bank of England are there.
2.It is a historic building. It was built in the 11th century. It was used as a fortress, a royal residence and a prison.
3.It is the centre of government.
4.It is the place where all the coronations of the British monarchs take place.
5.It is the official residence of the Queen.
6.It is the richest and the most beautiful part of London. It is the symbol of wealth and luxury.
7.It is an art gallery in which you can find many old masters.
8.It contains a priceless collection of ancient manuscripts, coins, sculptures. It is famous for its library one of the
richest in the world.
9.It is the main shopping area in London.
10.It is an industrial district of London.
11.It is the residence of Prime Minister.
6.Choose the correct variant.
London is divided into
a.two parts b.three parts c.four parts d.five parts
