AIDS is an insidious and up to the present moment incurable disease. The disease occurs in all age groups. The number of AIDS cases grows at a rapid rate. 70 per cent of all people with AIDS die within 2 years of diagnosis.
AIDS is caused by a virus that invades white blood cells (lymphocytes) and some other body cells. This virus is called «human immunodeficiency virus» or HIV. AIDS is one of the several clinical manifestations of HIV infection. HIV infection damages the immune system and weakens the body’s ability to fight off infections and diseases. HIV may remain latent in the body, and most people infected with the virus remain in good health. The onset of symptoms ranges from 6 months to 5 years or more. They may include tiredness, fever, loss of appetite and weight, diarrhea, night sweat and swollen glands. Some people infected with HIV have many of these symptoms but do not develop the characteristics of AIDS. The diagnosis of AIDS depends on the presence of certain life threatening opportunistic diseases (a type of cancer known as Kaposi’ sarcoma) and a positive test for antibody to HIV.
HIV, AIDS virus, passes from person through the exchange of body fluids. «Body fluids» include blood, semen, women’s genital secretions. HIV infection is spread by direct sexual contact, the sharing of drug needles among drug users, through transfusion of infected blood.
At present, there is no cure for AIDS. Little can be done to restore the body’s immune system to normal. But scientists and medical workers continue the efforts to produce vaccines and drugs against AIDS. Doctors learn more about the treatment of the infections which affect AIDS patients. Doctors use drugs, radiation and surgery to treat the various diseases of AIDS patients. This treatment helps to block action of the virus.
AIDS is a serious global health problem. People from all over the world unite their forces in fighting AIDS. They initiate public campaigns to educate and inform young people about AIDS. They also support AIDS victims who suffer not only from pain of diseases but also from social discrimination. Everybody can help fighting AIDS by taking precautions, getting facts about AIDS and its transmission, supporting AIDS victims.
4.Match the words in the columns
| 1. incurable … 2. invade … 3. immunodeficiency … 4. damage … 5. night … 6. sharing … 7. weaken … 8. swollen … 9. use … 10. infected … 11. unite … 12. fight … |
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5.Make sentences
1. Синдром – синдром иммунодефицита – синдром приобретённого иммунодефицита
2. Скрытое – скрытое и неизлечимое – скрытое и неизлечимое заболевание
3. Вирус – вирус проникает – вирус проникает в белые клетки крови
4. ВИЧ – ВИЧ инфекция - ВИЧ инфекция разрушает - ВИЧ инфекция разрушает иммунную систему
5. Ослабить – ослабить способность – ослабить способность тела – ослабить способность тела бороться – ослабить способность тела бороться с болезнями
6. Врачи – врачи используют – врачи используют лекарства – врачи используют лекарства, лучевую терапию и хирургию - врачи используют лекарства, лучевую терапию и хирургию, чтобы лечить пациентов больных СПИДом
7. Люди – люди объединяют – люди объединяют усилия – люди объединяют усилия, чтобы бороться со СПИДом
8.Fill in the table using the text “AIDS”
| The Cause of AIDS | The Symptoms of AIDS | The Treatment of AIDS patients | The Measures on fighting AIDS |
9.Do the tasks according to the variant.
Variant 1.Answer the questions and translate the answers.
1. What is AIDS caused by?
2. How is this virus called?
3. How does HIV infection influence the body?
4. What are the symptoms of HIV infection?
5. What does the diagnosis of AIDS depend on?
6. How is HIV infection spread?
7. What do doctors do to find the cure for AIDS?
8. How do the doctors treat the diseases of AIDS patients?
9. What do people do to fight AIDS?
10. How can everybody help fighting AIDS?
Variant 2.Continue the sentences and translate them into Russian.
1. The cause of AIDS is ….
2. The virus is called ….
3. HIV infection damages ….
4. HIV infection weakens ….
5. The symptoms of HIV infection may be ….
6. AIDS is diagnosed when a patient has ….
7. HIV infection is spread by ….
8. Doctors make efforts to ….
9. The treatment of diseases of AIDS patients help to …
10. You can help fighting AIDS by …
Variant 3.Write out the information about HIV infection and AIDS according to the plan. Translate into Russian.
1. The cause of AIDS
2. The influence of HIV infection on the human body
3. The symptoms of the disease
4. The diagnosis of AIDS
5. The way of transmission
6. The cure for AIDS
7. The treatment of diseases of AIDS patients
8. Fighting AIDS
9. AIDS patients need help and support.
Variant 4. Prove the statements and translate the information.
1. AIDS is a fast spreading disease.
2. HIV infection does a great harm to the body
3. This disease is accompanied by the symptoms
4. The disease passes from one person to another.
5. Doctors try to find cure for AIDS.
6. Doctors treat AIDS patients.
7. People from all over the world fight AIDS.
8. Everybody can help fighting AIDS.
Variant 5. Complete the sentences and translate them.
1. AIDS ________________ in all age groups.
2. AIDS virus _______________ white blood cells.
3. HIV infection damages ____________________ and ____________________ the body’s ability to fight off infections and diseases.
4. The symptoms of the disease may include _________________, fever, _____________________, diarrhea, ____________________ and swollen glands.
5. The diagnosis of AIDS depends on the presence of __________________________ and _________________________ for antibody to HIV.
6. HIV infection is spread by ___________________________, the sharing of drug needles, ___________________________________.
7. Doctors make efforts to ___________________________________
8. Doctors use drugs, _____________________ and _____________________ to treat various _________________________.
9. The treatment helps to _________________ of the virus.
10. People initiate ____________________ to educate and inform ___________________ about AIDS.
11. You can fight AIDS by________________________, getting facts about AIDS and _____________________________.
