|
l S. .. , 堠 , -:
, S . . = l 2 p r, 2 p l r = Þ .
t = q / l - , :
. (1.28)
. -.
, , :
d = q d = - dWn.
n
.
:
,
- .
q . , , , qi , .. =0:
.
, :
.
. (1.29)
(1.29) , . .
, , , :
j = W / q. (1.30)
, (1.29):
.
,
, (1.31)
.. .
(1.4) (1.30):
, W = q j.
, :
.
.. q ,
grad (q j)= q × grad j. (1.32)
q
,
d l = | |, E l - .
,
δA = - dW = - qd j.
E l d l = - d j , (1.33)
|
|
.. .
.
, , . , (d j / d l) = 0 E l = 0, .. ^ . , (. 1.7). , , .
. , . .
, , , .
.
j div = 0. = s , s - =-grad , , s = const, :
= - s grad j div = - s div grad j = - s D j = 0
- .
, ( - , - ), D j = 0 . , . ( , ..). , - . , .
, . , , . , . . . ( ). . , . (), .
|
|
, . . , . : D 1 D 2 , D j. :
, (1.34)
1 2. .
1. 1. .
2. .
3. .
4. 0¸7.
1. .
2. ( 0¸20, ) 3¸5.
3. ( , ).
1
1. , .
2. .
2
1. (1.34) ( 2 ).
2. .
1. , , , .
2. , , , .
3. (, ).
4. , 2 - .
5. .
6. .
7. .
8. .
9. , .
1. .., .. , .: . 1989. II. 13 14.
2. .., .. , .: . 1972. 2, 1 2.
3. .., .., .. . 1997.
2.