1 /2, t = 250 , )
, | , | |
Pb | -1,56 | 1,44 |
Hg | -1,41 | 1,62 |
Cd | -1,4 | 0,45 |
Zn | -1,24 | 1,75 |
Sn | -1,2 | 1,21 |
, | , | |
Al | -1,00 | - |
C () | -0,78 | 1,17 |
Ag | -0,95 | 0,97 |
Cu | -0,87 | 1,05 |
Fe | -0,7 | 1,07 |
Ni | -0,63 | 1,09 |
Co | -0,62 | - |
Au | -0,4 | 0,85 |
Pd | -0,24 | 0,43 |
Pt | -0,1 | 0,7 |
-
1,2-2,8 8,0-9,9 | |||
3,0-4,4 | - | ||
4,3-6,2 | |||
5,0-8,0 | |||
6,8-8,4 | |||
8,1-9,8 | |||
- | 10,0-12,0 | - |
6,02∙1023 -1 9,65∙104 8,31 /∙ 6,62∙10-34 ∙ 1,09∙107 -1 2,997925 ∙ 108 / |
1. .
, , , :
(1,2× 105)3 =1,23×105× 3 =1,7×1015;
, , :
.
, , :
2. .
10 ( lg) , 10, :
lgx =y.
, lg105=5, lg1=0, lg10-2 = -2.
:
x= 10y.
, lgx =2, , =102=100.
2.1 :
lgab= lga + lgb
lga/b =lga lgb
, 1 10, :
lg450 = lg(4,5×102) = lg4,5 + lg102 = 0,654 + 2 = 2,653
lg0,0673 =lg(6,73×10-2) = lg6,73 + lg 10-2 = 0,828 2= -1,172.
2.2
lg an = n(lga)
lg a 1/n = 1/nlg a.
( ln) , = 2,71828, . :
|
|
ln a = 2,303 lg a.
3. 2 + + = 0 :
. | |
1. | |
2. | |
3. | |
4. | |
5. | |
6. | |
7. σ- n | 8-9 |
8. (μ) | |
9. | |
10. | |
11. | |
12. | |
13. | 13-22 |
14. | 22-25 |
15. | |
16. | 26-27 |
17. d- | |
18. | |
19. | 29-30 |
20. | |
21. (=298) | |
22. | 32-39 |
23. ( ) ( ) 1 /2, t=250, | 29-40 |
24. - | |
25. | |
26. | 41-42 |