Ͳ
1. 1 200 .
, .
- .
, : , .
M(NaOH) = 23 + 16 + 1 = 40 (/).
.
, : , .
M(NaOH) = 23 + 16 + 1 = 40 (/)
(2) = 2 . 1+16 = 18 (/)
, .
m- = mp.p. + m-; m- = . V.
m- = 1 . 1000 = 1000
m- = 40 +1000 = 1400
% = 2,86%
2. Na2CO3, 500 , 0,3 /.
ᒺ .
: ;
z .
,
(Na2CO3) = ½ . (23.2+12+16.3)=53 (/).
:
m = C . .V; m = 0,3 / 53 / 0,5 = 7,95 .
5. ֲ ̲
˲Ҳ
1. , - .
:
H2O
Na2CO3+ H2SO4 = Na2SO4+H2CO3
CO2
Na2CO3, H2SO4 Na2SO4 - , H2CO3 - , , .
, ^
H2O
2 Na + +CO32- + 2H+ + SO 42- = 2Na+ + H2CO3
CO2↑
, , :
2
2+ + 32- = 23
2↑
, .
, .
6. ֲֲ .
1. ó , 6,3.
: = -Ig[H+] = 6,3 lg[H+] = -6,3; [H+] = 10-6,3; [H+] = 5. 10-7 /.
2. + 10-3 - 10-4 /.
-, .
-:
;
/
/
+ :
pH= -Ig [H+]:
pH1 = -Ig10 -3 = 3; pH2 = -Ig10 -4 = 4.
- pOH:
pOH = -Ig[OH];pOH1 = -Ig10 -11 = 11; pOH2 = -Ig10 -10 = 10.
7. ò˲
1. , . ?
|
|
Ѳ3 , , . ó , ó, :
Ѳ3 = +3 +3Ѳ-
3+ + L 2+ ++, < 7, .
Ѳ3 + L Ѳ2 + Ѳ.
2. Na2CO3 (). ?
Na2CO3 , , . ó , -, .
Na2CO3 = 2Na+ + CO32-
32- + L 3- + -
Na2CO3 + H2O L NaHCO3 + NaOH; > 7 ( c).
8. -²Ͳ ֲ
1. , :
Na2SO4 + C → CO2 + Na2S;
Na2S + CO2 + H2O → Na2CO3 + H2S.
?
- , .
:
, - .
, - -, - -.
- .
.
, , , . , Na2SO4, .
.
- - ;
- - .
.
:
Na2SO4 + 2C = 2CO2 + Na2S.
2. - :
H2S + H2SO3 = S + H2O.
S2- 2 , f H2S , - - H2S. SO32- 4 , f
H2SO3 , - H2SO3.
H2S:
H2SO3: