, , , .
, , , - , .. , , . :
) ;
) ;
) .
, , . , - , .
, , . , , : , , , . , d2+ - CdS , uS. , , , . , , .
, . - , . . - , . 1:g
(g 1 ). ( g), .
, , . , , , , , , , .
|
|
, , , . , :
1) (
106 /);
2) ,
;
3)
, .
. , , . :
1. -
: g1, g2l2 12. , g+, g22+, b2+ V .
2. , , .
(II), (II), (II), (III), , , . IV .
3. , , , , (II), (II), (II), (III), (III) . III .
4. , III , ( ) . II .
5. II , , I .
, , (. 1.1).
1.1
, | , ( , ) | |||
, | , | (), | , | |
I | II | II | IV | V |
K+, Na+, NH4+, Mg2+ (MgCO3 ) | Ba2+, Sr2+, Ca2+ | Al3+, Cr3+, Fe3+, Fe2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Ni2+ | ) : Na2S ) : Na2S | (Ag+, Hg2+, Pb2+) |
(NH4)2CO3 | (NH4)2S | : H2S+HCl | : HCl |
|
|
, .
. , -
N03 N2, N4+, , . , , , , 42, [1()6]3 .
. (. 1.2).
1.2
, | |||
SO42, CO32, PO43, SiO32, AsO33, AsO43, CrO42, Cr2O72, F . | , ( BaSO4) | BaCl2 | |
Cl, Br, J, S2, . | |||
NO3, NO2, CH3COO, . |