M -̳ , () .
.
ᒺ .
() . , , .
N - , N +1 .
(N = 2) ( 1, ). (N = 3) ( 1, ), N > 3 .
1 , :
1 ;
2 () ;
3 () .
1. () () 1, 2, 3
1.1 :
1. (0) α.
2. () .
, .
, ;
3. () .
4. .
5. / ( .4) .
6. .3 .
1.2
, (0) α .
-̳ α = 1, :
: ( =1,2,3);
j N- ( j =1,2);
N .
N =2
;
N =3
,
2. -̳:
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|
N =2; N =3
1.3 ()
) f(1), f(2), f(3),..., f(N), f(N+1), f() .
) N +1 (k f(k)) (h) ( (h) = (k), f(h)= f(k)).
) N +1 , (f(g) f(l), f(g) > f(l)) (g) (l) .
1.4 ()
, (), :
N>2,
k , .1.3..
N =2 ( 3)
3.
г , ( h ) ():
(λ) = ( h ) + λ( () ( h ))
λ .
:
λ=0, ( H ) = (0)
λ=2, ( H ) = 2 () (0) ( ).
λ>2 .
1<λ<2 .
-̳ λ=2 x ( h ).
1.5
f(H) x ().
:
) f(h) > f(g) > f(l) > f(H)
) f(h) > f(g) > f(H) > f(l)
) f(h) > f(H) > f(g) > f(l)
) f(H) > f(h) > f(g) > f(l)
1.6 /
) f(h) > f(g) > f(l) > f(H), λ=3 X(1).
f(H) > f(H1), :
( h ) = (g), f(h) = f(g);
(g) = (l), f(g) = f(l);
( l ) = (H1), f(l) = f(H1),
,
f(H) < f(H1), :
( h ) = (g), f(h) = f(g);
(g) = (l), f(g) = f(l);
( l ) = (H), f(l) = f(H).
) f(h) > f(g) > f(H) > f(l), λ=1,5 x (2).
f(h) > f(g) > f(H) > f(l) > f(H2)
:
( h ) = (g), f(h) = f(g);
(g) = (l), f(g) = f(l);
( l ) = (H2), f(l) =f(H2),
,
f(h) > f(g) > f(H2) > f(H) > f(l), :
( h ) = (g), f(h) = f(g);
(g) = (), f(g) = f();
( l ) = ( l ), f(l) = f(l).
) f(h) > f(H) > f(g) > f(l), f(H) > f(h) > f(g) > f(l), α, (0) = ( l ) (.1.4).
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|
1.7
, .
,
.
σ<ε, ε , . , x ( l ).
σ>ε, .
4. N =2
5. - -̳