.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


. M -̳ , () .




M -̳ , () .

.

ᒺ .

() . , , .

N - , N +1 .

(N = 2) ( 1, ). (N = 3) ( 1, ), N > 3 .

1 , :

1 ;

2 () ;

3 () .

 

1. () () 1, 2, 3

1.1 :

1. (0) α.

2. ()  .

, .

, ;

3. () .

4. .

5. / ( .4) .

6. .3 .

 

1.2

, (0) α .

-̳ α = 1, :

: ( =1,2,3);

j N- ( j =1,2);

N .

N =2

;

N =3

,

 

2. -̳:

N =2; N =3

 

1.3 ()

) f(1), f(2), f(3),..., f(N), f(N+1), f() .

) N +1 (k f(k)) (h) ( (h) = (k), f(h)= f(k)).

) N +1 , (f(g) f(l), f(g) > f(l)) (g) (l) .

 

1.4 ()

, (), :

N>2,

k , .1.3..

N =2 ( 3)

3.

 

г , ( h ) ():

(λ) = ( h ) + λ( () ( h ))

λ .

:

λ=1, ( H ) = ()

λ=0, ( H ) = (0)

λ=2, ( H ) = 2 () (0) ( ).

λ>2 .

1<λ<2 .

-̳ λ=2 x ( h ).

 

1.5

f(H) x ().

:

) f(h) > f(g) > f(l) > f(H)

) f(h) > f(g) > f(H) > f(l)

) f(h) > f(H) > f(g) > f(l)

) f(H) > f(h) > f(g) > f(l)

1.6 /

) f(h) > f(g) > f(l) > f(H), λ=3 X(1).

f(H) > f(H1), :

( h ) = (g), f(h) = f(g);

(g) = (l), f(g) = f(l);

( l ) = (H1), f(l) = f(H1),

,

f(H) < f(H1), :

( h ) = (g), f(h) = f(g);

(g) = (l), f(g) = f(l);

( l ) = (H), f(l) = f(H).

) f(h) > f(g) > f(H) > f(l), λ=1,5 x (2).

f(h) > f(g) > f(H) > f(l) > f(H2)

:

( h ) = (g), f(h) = f(g);

(g) = (l), f(g) = f(l);

( l ) = (H2), f(l) =f(H2),

,

f(h) > f(g) > f(H2) > f(H) > f(l), :

( h ) = (g), f(h) = f(g);

(g) = (), f(g) = f();

( l ) = ( l ), f(l) = f(l).

) f(h) > f(H) > f(g) > f(l), f(H) > f(h) > f(g) > f(l), α, (0) = ( l ) (.1.4).

 

1.7

, .

,

.

σ<ε, ε , . , x ( l ).

σ>ε, .

4. N =2

5. - -̳

 

 





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