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. V 3 (x, y, z), k ( ) , (12), A .

, , . (12) . C (x ¢, y ¢, z ¢), A ¢ k ( ) . A A ¢

A ¢= C AC. (11)

, C , .. C = C -1; A ¢= C -1 AC. . (10) , A: V 3 V 3 A (x, y, z). k ( ) (.. ). A , A .

A (5) B ¢= {, , }. , - (x ¢, y ¢, z ¢), , , ,

k ( ) =l1 x ¢2 + l2 y ¢2 + l3 z ¢2 (13)

(x, y, z) (x ¢, y ¢, z ¢):

X ¢= C -1 X, (14)

:

X = C X ¢, (14¢)

C , X X ¢ :

X =, X ¢=.

, B = {, , } B ¢= {, , }

= c 11 + c 12 + c 13,

= c 21 + c 22 + c 23, (15)

= c 31 + c 32 + c 33,

C :

C =, (16)

(14¢) :

x = c 11 x ¢ + c 21 y ¢ + c 31 z ¢,

y = c 12 x ¢ + c 22 y ¢ + c 32 z ¢, (14¢)

z = c 13 x ¢ + c 23 y ¢ + c 33 z ¢.

, . , , C , .. C = C -1. (14) X ¢= C X :

x ¢= c 11 x + c 12 y + c 13 z,

y ¢= c 21 x + c 22 y + c 23 z,

z ¢= c 31 x + c 32 y + c 33 z.

, , (14¢), .

3. V 3 k () (x, y, z)

k ( ) = 3 y 2 + 4 xy - 2 xz - 4 yz.

(x ¢, y ¢, z ¢) k () .

. k () (x, y, z). 3 = a 22, 4 = 2 a 12, -2 = 2 a 13, - 4 = 2 a 23, .. x 2 y 2 , a 11= a 33 = 0. ,

A =.

, A 2,

l1 = -1,,

l2 = -1,,

l3 = 5,,

, (x ¢, y ¢, z ¢) , B ¢= {, , }, k ( )

k () = - x ¢2 - y ¢2 + 5 z ¢2.

:

x ¢= x + z,

y ¢= x - y - z,

z ¢= x + y - z,

:

x = x ¢ + y ¢ + z ¢,

y = - y ¢ + z ¢, (17)

z = x ¢ - y ¢ - z ¢,





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