European education in the most spheres of knowledge can't exist without the knowledge of Greek Mythology. The world-wide literature would be poorer to-day without it. When speaking about different phenomena, problems and questions in different spheres of human activity and knowledge well-educated specialists and scientists come back to Greek Mythology to compare things, to illustrate their thought with the help of facts and examples taken from the mythology.
Hermes, the God of commerce, is one of the principle gods in Greek Mythology.
He was the son of Zeus and Maia, a very beautiful god. Even as a baby it was clear for everybody that he was going to be crafty. It was Hermes who stole the oxen of his half-brother Apollo. He hid those oxen so well that Apollo needed all his talents to find them. As a matter of fact, Apollo found them only with the help of fair-minded Zeus. This incident did not make Apollo and Hermes great friends. It goes without saying. But later on thanks to Hermes half-brothers were reconciled. It happened when Hermes presented Apollo a lyre he had himself invented and made. Apollo, in return, made him a gift of oxen.
Hermes was not only the god of commerce but also the god of theft. He also served as the herald of the gods, and took messages wherever Zeus sent him. So, Hermes was a kind of middleman between the gods and people.
Discussion Points
1.Discuss the importance of Greek Mythology for mankind. 2. What features of character did Hermes possess? 3.What features of character do people working in commerce possess? 4. Apollo is known to be the god of music, is not he? But it was Hermes, the god of commerce who both invented it and made it. Hermes never played it but he presented it to Apollo. What do you
think about it? 5. What do you think about patronage of arts in general? Do you know some
Ukrainian Maecenas of to-day or in the past, like Russian S. Morosov? Tell about
him or her. 6. What famous Ukrainian writer used his knowledge of Greek Mythology in his
work? What is the title of this work?
Translation
19. Render into English.
1. XX XXI (foreign trade) (weighty factor) . (recession) , .
2. . ³ .
3. (export potential). -140 . .
4. (formation of proprietors), , .
5. - .
6. ֳ (supply and demand) .
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7. .
8. .
9. .
10. , , (as a rule)) .
11. .
12. (enumeration; list) .
20. Translate the text "( ) " into English with the help of the following words and word-combinations:
| 1. | 1. in Japan |
| 2. | 2. confirm |
| 3. | 3. was set up |
| 4. | 4. a specific feature |
| 5. | 5. at the same time |
| 6. | 6. notion |
| 7. | 7. historically |
| 8. | 8. gathered |
| 9.- | 9. buying-selling |
| 10. | 10. it was convenient |
| 11. | 11. later on |
| 12. | 12. material supply |
| 13. | 13. it told on |
| 14. | 14. became middlemen |
| 15. | 15. emitters |
| 16. | 16. over-all number of securities |
' , (2), (1) .
(3) 1531 . , : " ". (4) , (5) ( 1602 ). - . XVII ., - - 1792 . ' (-, 1763 - ().
XIX . . , ' , : . . , , , (the wealth) (to air).
.
³ - . : .
XIX . , . 1869, 1873 1895.
XX . - 22 1929.
. 1917. . ' , . , , . 1930.
, . , (the only ides of it), ! 90- pp. XX . .
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II
(6) " ", (7), . , (8) - (9). (10)
, , .
(11) , (12) . (13) -, . , - .
(14). (15), , , , (16) , ..
" "?
, . , "". , , . , , , , , , . ?
, , . .
, , . , , ' . . .
COMMUNICATION Disagreement
When a person disagrees in the course of social interaction he or she usually use such phrases as:
1. That's not the point... (direct, formal) Example:
- The priority in the development of Ukrainian economy is industry.
That's not the point. The point is that the development of agriculture in Ukraine is facilitated by everything: climate, land and labour resources, transport infrastructure.
2. Yes, but my point is... - means the same but is softer.
3. You have this point but...
There is something in your point but... These phrases express disagreement politely.
4. I don't agree with you. (direct)
Not at all.
Nothing of the kind, (abrupt)
On the contrary, (formal)
21. Read, translate the following illustrative dialogues. Make up some
dialogues of your own using the phrases of disagreement.
I
- Mary makes long-distance calls to America every week, doesn't she? She spends so much and earns so little.
- Nothing of the kind. First, she calls to New York once a month. Besides, don't you know she had a promotion two weeks ago. Her salary increased too.
II
- Ch. Dickens is the greatest writer in English literature. Perhaps the best one.
- Yes, but my point is that he is a bit dull. Of course, Dickens is one of talented writers of the English literature of the XIX century, My point is that the best writers of English literature are Galsworthy and Maugham.
Language and Humour
***
In a New York restaurant, the artist James Montgomery Flagg saw Beatrice Lillie sitting at a nearby table. With her was a most attractive young woman, so attractive that in fact Flagg decided he could use her as a model. When the beauty left the table for a few minutes, Flagg scribbled a note to Miss Lillie: "Who is that marvellous, gorgeous creature? " he pleaded. The waiter immediately brought back Beatrice's brief reply; "Me!"
Curious Facts It took the French Academy 297 years (!) to write a book of 236 pages (!). It was "French Grammar" which was written from 1635 to 1932. Only in 1932 it was finally published.
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* There are 3658 people living in Ponts-de-Ce in France. This town has a single street which is 2 miles long. The street consists of 3 islands and 4 bridges.
* The clock of the Town Hall Tower in Goerlitz, Germany, has been 7 (seven) minutes fast since 1253.
* John Floyer (1649-1734), an English doctor, was the first in the world to discover the pulse rate in human beings. He constructed
a special pulse watch which ran for 60 seconds.
24
Module test paper 4
25-26
Text A: Accounting and Bookkeeping
Text B Internal Auditing
Grammar: The Past Continuous Tense Participle I
Text A
Vocabulary 1. Read the following words and word combinations and learn their meanings by heart:
I accounting - an accountant - an account a financial position - to record , , a measure - , relevant financial data - a user financial statement - a stockholder - tax -
tax bodies primary - so to say a profit and loss account - balance sheet - cash previous revenue - sales - , costs - , overheads - appropriation - remains assets - fixed assets - current assets - liabilities - ' current liabilities - ' long-term liabilities - ' a share - a double-entry system - bookkeeping - a bookkeeper - a purchase , , receipts , disbursements - , a journal a Ledger - value - a payment - , a trial to match - understandable Standards of Accounting - ()
2. Read and translate the text into Ukrainian. Answer questions to it.
