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Theory of subconscious deciding rules and its application in diagnostics




O. I. Larichev

Academician of RAS, Institute of system analysis, RAS

The phenomenon of expert knowledge is analyzed; empirical data that can explain the process of recognition of "holistic" situations within the framework of the theory of subconscious decision rules are presented. On this basis, diagnostics is considered as classification task when the expert rates an object at one of the types of decisions. Imitating expert judgments, this task can be presented with some decision rules that are reconstructed almost unambiguously from the objects. The number of decision rules doesn't exceed the short-term memory span that's why they are used so quickly. The conclusions are made about the situational character of expert thinking and that the mechanism of objects recognition can be described using the symbolic theory. The decision rules are considered as the special symbols of subconscious character.

Key words: thinking, symbolic approach, medical diagnostics, retention of knowledge, clinical situations, expert knowledge.

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2. . . // ( ). . , 2001. . 20 - 34.

3. . . : . ., 2000.

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ECHO OF EXPLOSIONS: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RECOLLECTIONS ABOUT THE TERRORISTS ATTACKS AT 1999 (MOSCOW) AND 2001 (NEW-YORK CITY)

V. V. Nourkova*, D. M. Bernstein**, E. F. Loftus***

*Cand. sci. (psychology), assistant professor, MSU, Russia

**Dr. sci. (psychology), res. ass., University of Washington, USA

***Honoured professor, University of California, Irvine, USA

One hundred forty recollections of Moscovites about the terrorists attacks at 1999 (Moscow) and 2001 (New-York City) were examined in the empirical study. The data obtained indicated that distinctiveness and stability of the recollections of historical events are related considerably to the factor of visual "crystallization" and significations by means of mass media. Reference of a historical event to a personally important area caused the decrease of the image quality. The subjects were more likely to rely upon the images artificially created by mass media than upon the naturally experienced ones.

Key words: autobiographical memory, historical memory, formation and transformation of recollections.

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