(, , ), (, , , -). , . , . , () () . , .. , , , , . , .. , , , , , , .
5.
, , [34]. . 1 . , .
- - , (R = 0.6318), (R = 0.9617), (R = 0.8354), {R = 0.8347), (R = 0.2273).
, -
. 54
( , , , , ..). , ( ) , ( ). , ( "-" ), (. 5). , "-" "-" R = 0.98 ( = 0.0006). "-" "- " R = -0.94 ( = 0.0057), [33, 34].
|
|
, .. . , () . [28, 33, 34]. , , ( R = =0.81 = 0.0001). , .
, (. 2, . 2), , (. 2, . 3), ,
. 5. ( ) ( ) ( N 1 2) . . .. ( N 3). - "-" . - "-".
2. ( ) * ( +/- )
.1 | .2 | . | |
3.007 +/- 0.2458 | 3.187 +/-0.2418 | 3.319 +/-0.2486 | |
3.093 +/-0.4369 | 3.162 +/-0.1523 | 3.251 +/-0.1609 | |
3.034 +/- 0.2502 | 3.051 +/-0.3187 | 3.273 +/- 0.2579 | |
3.108 +/-0.2846 | 3.143 +/-0.3130 | 3.289 +/- 0.2092 | |
.-. | 2.666 +/- 0.3703 | 2.836 +/-0.1137 | 2.894 +/-0.2615 |
*. 1 - , , . 2 - , . 3 - , ( ). : . 2 1 - 2-1 = 0.1797 = 0.05; . 3 2 - -2 = 0.1316 == 0.01; . 3 1 - -1 = 0.3113 = 0.002.
. 55
(. 2, . 1), , "" .
- . ( ), : (R = 0.52, = 0.045), (R = 0.52, = 0.04) . ( ) . (, ), [41, 51].
|
|
, , , - . - - .
6.
, , - , . , , . , , , , , [30]. (, , , , , , , ) ( , , , , , , ). .
. 6. - "" "" ( % ). "" . "", , . "" - (, , , , ), "" - - (, , , , ).
. 56
"" "" 16 : - 7.8 37.8%, - 42.6 7.0%, - 46.7 25.4%, - 28.3 15.6%, - 11.7 29.4%, - 41.7 18.9%, - 14.3 23.7%, - 37.4 12.0%, - 15.2 30.4%, - 44.4 15.0%, - 11.3 35.9% (. . 6).
( - < 0.05).
- ( "" "" "") , . , , , , . , .
, , "", . , , , , , - , , , (13.3%) (15%) (14.0%) ( ).
|
|
.. - , , , - . , .
"" - - , , , . , , , - .
, [9, 13].
- . [3, 58]. . " , " - , . . , , .
, , , , , , . - , , , , .. [30].
7.
- [35, 38].
. (- III ) - (, , , , , , , ). ( 5- ).
. 57
. 7. (N 7,8,21,12,9,4) : . : - . : - - 12 . : , , , , , , , . - 12 6 .
|
|
, - ( ). - .
- , .. , (. . 7).
, , (.. , .. , 2001). (11 .) ( ), ( - ). ( R = 0.486-0.904). , , , . - (R = -0.686-0.315), , , , ( ). , , . " " [19, 34, 66].
8. - ( - )
, , , , .
-, .. - , , . , ( - ): ) -
3. (%) "" ""
, % | , % | ||||||
. | . ., % | ||||||
73.4 | 83.3 | 63. 9 | 69.2 | 68.9 | 73.3 | 7.2 | |
67.8 | 79.5 | 64.5 | 53.8 | 62.4 | 75.2 | 13.6 | |
5.6 | 4.4 | -0.6 | 15.4 | 6.5 | 4.1 | - |
. 58
() 1997 . (91 . "") ) () (39 . - "").
[27,29, 31,32,34].
:
- - - (73.4 +/- 3.85) - (66.1 +/- 4.28). - < 0.04.
- "" (. . 8). , "" ( 80%) 39.6% , "" 12.8%, .. 26.8% , . "" ( 60%) 17.9%, "" - 5.5%.
|
|
"" "" , .. (. . 3). , (, , , , ) ( 7.2%), .. , "" (13.6%). "" (53.8%) "" (6.2%): 15.4% , (13.6%).
. 8. ( %) "" "" (%).
, ( ) .
. - (53 . ). . . : - -, - .
- 43.3 86.7%. (, , ..). , .. (%), 4 : 1- - ( 80%), 2- (70-80%), 3- -
4.
. 1 > 80% | . 2 < 80% > 70% | . 3 > 60% < 70% | . 4 < 60% | |
, % | 84.7 +/- 3.00 | 74.8 +/-1.89 | 67.2 +/- 2.62 | 51.4 +/-5.05 |
73.3 +/-9.17 | 66.7 +/- 14.43 | 48.0 +/-17.5 | 42.8 +/-8.91 | |
, | 47.2 +/-15.61 | 38.4 +/-11.98 | 34.3 +/-11.34 | 30.3 +/-11.00 |
, | 4.0 +/-1.41 | 5.0 +/-2.14 | 6.0 +/-3.12 | 9.1 +/-3.67 |
, | 15.8 +/-1.48 | 15.1 +/-3.98 | 12.9 +/-3.91 | 13.3 +/-4.96 |
, | 10.6 +/-5.50 | 13.4 +/-6.07 | 13.8 +/-3.81 | 10.0 +/-6.43 |
. 59
(60-70%), 4- - ( 60%); . .4.
, 1 ( = 84.7%) : (73.3%), (47.2 ) (4 ), (15.8 ) .
( ) , , , (R = 0.9518, = 0.048), (R = 0.9365, = 0.064), , (R = -0.9868, = 0.013).
, , (.. ) ( ) - ( ). .
, , . - .
, .. , " " [27, 29, 31, 32, 39]. , - . - .
- , . , ( ), . (, .) , , [1,2].
, , , , , , [27, 29, 31, 32, 34, 40, 56, 57, 64, 73 .].
, [32, 34, 35]. . .. : " " [61, . 53-54]. - (, , , ) . , -. " ", - .. [50], . , , [60]. . .. - - ( .. ).
, ( ) : 60-50% 40%. (. 8). , 3-4 . , .. , . [17, 25, 70]. , , [47], , . , , - , ( ) . . " . ", - . , - .